4^ 


UC-NRLF 


B   ^   572   fi33 


GIFT   OF 


V-r, 


•^ 

-^•S' 


t 


I'yi-  (^' 


7 

Issued  Octob<>r  24,  1916. 

U.  S.  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE, 

STATES  RELATIONS  SERVICE. 
A.  C.  TRUE,  Director. 


FEDERAL  LEGISLATION,  REGULATIONS,  AND  RUL- 
INGS AFFECTING  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGES  AND 
EXPERIMENT  STATIONS. 

[Revised  to  August  15,  1916.] 


CONTENTS. 

I'age. 


Agricultural  colleges 1 

First  Morrill  Act 1 

Amendment  of  the  first  Morrill  Act 3 

Second  Morrill  Act 4 

Nelson  amendment 6 

Detail  of  Army  officers  and  sale  of  sup- 
plies by  War  Department 6 

Graduates   of~  land-grant   colleges   and 

military  service 11 

Land-grant  colleges  designated   deposi- 
tories of  public  documents 8 

Rulings  of  U.  S.  Bureau  of  Education. . .  11 

Franking  annual  reports  Df  the  colleges .  1  13 

Agricultural  experiment  stations 13 

Hatch  Act 13 

Amendment  of  Hatch  Act 15 

Soil  work  under  Hatch  Act 15 

Adams  Act 15 

Interpretation  of  Adams  Act 17 


Page. 


Agricultural  experiment  stations— Continued. 

Appropriations 17 

Cooperation  with  the  department 18 

Franking  station  publications 18 

Rulings  of  the  Treasury  Department 20 

Rulings  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  23 

Classification  of  accounts 27 

Station  accounting 28 

Administration  of  Hatch   and   Adams 

funds 28 

Cooperative  extension  work 29 

Smith- Lever  Act 29 

Franking  privilege 31 

Funds  available  under  the  Smith-Lever 

Act 36 

Instructions  for  extension  accounting. . .  37 

States  Relations  Service 42 

Organization 42 

Work 42 


AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGES. 

ACT  OF  1862  DONATING  LANDS  FOR  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGES. 

[First  Morrill  Act.] 

.\N  ACT  Donating  public  lands  to  the  several  States  and  Territories  which  may  provide  colleges  for  the 
benefit  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America 
m  Congress  assembled,  That  there  be  granted  to  the  several  States,  for  the  purposes 
iiereinafter  mentioned,  an  amount  of  public  land,  to  be  apportioned  to  each  State  a 
(quantity  equal  to  thirty  thousand  acres  for  each  Senator  and  Representati\e  in 
Congress  to  which  the  States  are  respectively  entitled  by  the  apportionment  under 
the  census  of  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty:  Provided,  That  no  mineral  lands  shall  be 
selected  or  purchased  under  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

Sec.  2.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  the  land  aforesaid,  after  being  surveyed, 
shall  be  apportioned  to  the  several  States  in  sections  or  subdivisions  of  sections,  not 
less  than  one-quarter  of  a  section;  and  whenever  there  are  public  lands  in  a  State 
subject  to  sale  at  private  entry  at  one  dollar  and  twenty-five  cents  per  acre,  the  quan- 
tity to  which  said  State  shall  be  entitled  shall  be  selected  from  such  lands  within  the 

58597°— 16 1 


limits  of  such  State,  and  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  is  hereby  directed  to  issue  to 
each  of  the  States  in  which  there  is  not  the  quantity  of  public  lands  subject  to  sale  at 
private  entry  at  one  dollar  and  twenty-five  cents  per  acre  to  which  said  State  may  bo 
entitled  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  land  scrip  to  the  amount  in  acres  for  the 
deficiency  of  its  distributive  share;  said  scrip  to  be  sold  by  said  States  and  the  proceeda 
thereof  applied  to  the  uses  and  purposes  prescribed  in  this  act  and  for  no  other  use  or 
purpose  whatsoever:  Provided,  That  in  no  case  shall  any  State  to  which  land  scrip 
may  thus  be  issued  be  allowed  to  locate  the  same  within  the  limits  of  any  other  State 
or  of  any  Territory  of  the  United  States,  but  their  assijjnees  may  thus  locate  said  land 
scrip  upon  any  of  the  unappropriated  lands  of  the  United  States  subject  to  sale  at 
private  entry  at  one  dollar  and  twenty-five  cents,  or  less,  per  acre:  And  proi-ided 
further,  That  not  more  than  one  million  acres  shall  be  located  by  such  assignees  in 
any  one  of  the  States:  And  provided  further,  That  no  such  location  shall  be  made 
before  one  year  from  the  passage  of  this  act. 

Sec.  3.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  all  the  expenses  of  management,  superin- 
tendence, and  taxes  from  date  of  selection  of  said  lands,  j)reviou3  to  their  sales,  and 
all  expenses  incurred  in  the  management  and  disbursement  of  the  moneys  which 
may  be  received  therefrom,  shall  be  paid  by  the  States  to  which  they  may  belong, 
out  of  the  treasury  of  said  States,  so  that  the  entire  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  said  lands 
shall  be  applied  without  any  diminution  whatever  to  the  purposes  hereinafter 
mentioned. 

Sec.  4  (original).  And  be  it  farther  enacted,  That  all  moneys  derived  from  the  sale 
of  the  lands  aforesaid  by  the  States  to  which  the  lands  are  apportioned,  and  from 
the  sales  of  land  scrip  hereinbefo/e  provided  for,  shall  be  invested  in  stocks  of  the 
United  States  or  of  the  States,  or  some  other  safe  stocks,  yielding  not  less  than  five 
per  centum  upon  the  par  value  of  said  stocks;  and  that  the  moneys  so  invested  shall 
constitute  a  perpetual  fund,  the  capital  of  which  shall  remain  forever  undiminished 
(except  so  far  as  may  be  provided  in  section  five  of  this  act),  and  the  interest  of  which 
shall  be  inviolably  appropriated  by  each  State  which  may  take  and  claim  the  benefit 
of  this  act,  to  the  endowment,  support,  and  maintenance  of  at  least  one  college  where 
the  leading  object  shall  be,  without  excluding  other  scientific  and  classical  studies, 
and  including  military  tactics,  to  teach  such  branches  of  learning  as  are  related  to 
agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts,  in  such  manner  as  the  legislatures  of  the  States 
may  respectively  prescribe,  in  order  to  promote  the  liberal  and  practical  education 
of  the  industrial  classes  in  the  several  pursuits  and  professions  in  life. 

Sec.  4  (as  amended  Mar.  3,  1883).  That  all  moneys  derived  from  the  sale  of  lands 
aforesaid  by  the  States  to  which  lands  are  apportioned,  and  from  the  sales  of  land 
scrip  hereinbefore  provided  for,  shall  be  invested  in  stocks  of  the  United  States  or 
of  the  States,  or  some  other  safe  stocks;  or  the  same  may  be  invested  by  the  States 
having  no  State  stocks  in  any  other  manner  after  the  legislatures  of  such  States  shall 
have  assented  thereto,  and  engaged  that  such  funds  shall  yield  not  less  than  five  per 
centum  upon  the  amount  so  invested  and  that  the  principal  thereof  shall  forever 
remain  unimpaired:  Provided,  That  the  moneys  so  invested  or  loaned  shall  constitute 
a  perpetual  fund,  the  capital  of  which  shall  remain  forever  undiminished  (except  so 
far  as  may  be  provided  in  section  five  of  this  act),  and  the  interest  of  which  shall  be 
inviolably  appropriated,  by  each  State  which  may  take  and  claim  the  benefit  of  this 
act,  to  the  endowment,  support,  and  maintenance  of  at  legist  one  college  where  the 
leading  object  shall  be,  without  excluding  other  scientific  and  classical  studios,  and 
including  military  tactics,  to  teach  such  branches  of  learning  as  are  related  to  agricul- 
ture and  the  mechanic  arts,  in  such  manner  as  the  legi.slatures  of  the  States  may  re- 
spectively prescribe,  in  order  to  promote  the  liberal  and  practical  education  of  the 
industrial  clas.ses  in  the  several  pursuits  and  iJrofe.sMions  in  life. 

Sec.  5.  And  be  it  further  .iuaclal,. Thixi  the  grant  of  land  and  land  scrip  hereby 
authorized  shall  bo  made  on  the  follmviiijr-''inliiioas,  to  which,  as  well  as  to  the  pro- 


i 


visions  hereinbefore  contained,  the  previous  assent  of  the  several  States  shall  be  sig- 
nified by  legislative  acts: 

First.  If  any  portion  of  the  fund  invested,  as  provided  by  the  foregoing  section,  or 
any  portion  of  the  interest  thereon,  shall,  by  any  action  or  contingency,  be  diminished 
or  lost,  it  shall  be  replaced  by  the  State  to  which  it  belongs,  so  that  the  capital  of  the 
hind  shall  remain  forever  undiminished;  and  the  annual  interest  shall  be  regularly 
applied  without  diminution  to  the  piu-poses  mentioned  in  the  fourth  section  of  this 
act,  except  that  a  sum,  not  exceeding  ten  per  centum  upon  the  amount  received  by 
any  State  under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  may  be  expended  for  the  purchase  of 
lands  for  sites  or  experimental  farms  whenever  authorized  by  the  respective  legis- 
latures of  said  States. 

Second.  No  portion  of  said  fund,  nor  the  interest  thereon,  shall  be  applied,  directly 
or  indii'ectly,  under  any  pretense  whatever,  to  the  piu-chase,  erection,  preservation, 
or  repair  of  any  building  or  buildings. 

Third.  Any  State  which  may  take  and  claim  the  benefit  of  the  provisions  of  this 
act  shall  provide,  within  five  years,  at  least  not  less  than  one  college,  as  described  in 
the  fourth  section  of  this  act,  or  the  grant  to  such  State  shall  cease;  and  said  State 
shall  be  bound  to  pay  the  United  States  the  amount  received  of  any  lands  previously 
sold  and  that  the  title  to  purchasers  under  the  State  shall  be  valid. 

Fourth.  An  annual  report  shall  be  made  regarding  the  progress  of  each  college, 
recording  any  improvements  and  experiments  made,  with  their  cost  and  results,  and 
such  other  matters,  including  State  industrial  and  economical  statistics,  as  may  be 
supposed  useful,  one  copy  of  which  shall  be  transmitted  by  mail  free,  by  each,  to  all 
the  other  colleges  which  may  be  endowed  under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  and  also 
one  copy  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

Fifth.  When  lands  shall  be  selected  from  those  which  have  been  raised  to  double 
the  minimum  price,  in  consequence  of  railroad  grants,  they  shall  be  computed  to  the 
States  at  the  maximum  price  and  the  number  of  acres  proportionately  diminished. 

Sixth.  No  State  while  in  a  condition  of  rebellion  or  insurrection  against  the  Gov- 
ernment of  the  United  States  shall  be  entitled  to  the  benefit  of  this  act. 

Seventh.  No  State  shall  be  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  this  act  unless  it  shall  express 
its  acceptance  thereof  by  its  legislature  within  two  years  from  the  date  of  its  approval 
by  the  President. 

Sec.  6.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  land  scrip  issued  under  the  provisions  of  this 
act  shall  not  be  subject  to  location  until  after  the  first  day  of  January,  one  thousand 
eight  hundred  and  sixty-three. 

Sec.  7.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  the  land  officers  shall  receive  the  same  fees 
for  locating  land  scrip  issued  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  as  is  now  allowed  for  the 
location  of  military  bounty  land  warrants  under  existing  laws:  Provided,  That  their 
maximum  compensation  shall  not  be  thereby  increased. 

Sec.  8.  And  be  it  further  enacted.  That  the  governors  of  the  several  States  to  which 
scrip  shall  be  issued  under  this  act  shall  be  required  to  report  annually  to  Congress 
all  sales  made  of  such  scrip  until  the  whole  shall  be  disposed  of,  the  amount  received 
for  the  same,  and  what  appropriation  has  been  made  of  the  proceeds. 

Approved,  July  2,  1862  (12  Stat.  L.,  503). 

ACT  OF  1866  EXTENDING  THE  TIME  WITHIN  WHICH  AGRICULTURAL 
COLLEGES  MAY  BE  ESTABLISHED. 

AN  ACT  To  amend  the  fifth  section  of  an  act  entitled  "An  act  donating  public  lands  to  the  several 
States  and  Territories  which  may  provide  colleges  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts," 
approved  July  2, 1862,  so  as  to  extend  the  time  within  which  the  provisions  of  said  act  shall  be  accepted 
and  such  colleges  established. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America 
in  Congress  assembled,  That  the  time  in  which  the  several  States  may  comply  with  the 
provisions  of  the  act  of  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two,  entitled  "An 


348G68 


act  donating  public  lands  to  the  several  States  and  Territoriee  which  may  ]ir<>vide 
colleges  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts,"  is  hereby  extend'.-d  so 
that  the  acceptance  of  the  benefits  of  the  said  act  may  be  expressed  within  three  years 
from  the  passage  of  this  act,  and  the  colleges  required  by  the  said  act  may  be  provided 
•within  five  years  from  the  date  of  the  filing  of  such  acceptance  with  the  Commis- 
sioner of  the  General  Land  Office:  Provided,  That  when  any  Territory  shall  l^ecome  a 
State  and  be  admitted  into  the  Union  such  new  States  t^hall  be  entitled  to  the  bene- 
fits of  the  said  act  of  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two.  by  expressing  the 
acceptance  therein  required  within  three  years  from  the  date  of  its  admission  into  the 
Union,  and  providing  the  college  or  colleges  within  five  years  after  such  acceptance, 
as  prescribed  in  this  act:  Provided  further.  That  any  State  which  has  heretofore 
expressed  its  acceptance  of  the  act  herein  referred  to  shall  have  the  i)eri<Ki  of  five 
years  witliin  which  to  i)rovide  at  least  one  college,  as  de8cri})ed  in  the  fourth  section 
of  said  act ,  after  the  time  for  i)roviding  said  college,  according  to  the  act  of  July  second, 
eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two,  shall  have  expired. 
Approved,  July  23,  1866  (14  Stat.  L.,  208). 

ACT  OF    1890    FOR   THE    FURTHER    ENDOWMENT    OF    AGRICULTURAL 

COLLEGES. 

[Second  Morrill  Act.] 

AN  ACT  To  apply  a  portion  of  the  proceeds  of  the  public  lands  to  the  more  complete  endowment  and  sup- 
port of  the  colleges  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts  established  under  the  provisioDS 
of  an  act  of  Congress  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sLxty-two. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America 
in  Conffress  assembled,  That  there  shall  be,  and  hereby  is,  annually  appropriated,  out 
of  any  money  in  the  Treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  arising  from  the  sales  of 
public  lands,  to  be  paid  as  hereinafter  provided,  to  each  State  and  Territorj-  for  the 
more  complete  endowment  and  maintenance  of  colleges  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture 
and  the  mechanic  arts  now  established,  or  which  may  be  hereafter  established,  in 
accordance  with  an  act  of  Congress  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty- 
two,  the  sum  of  fifteen  thousand  dollars  for  the  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  eighteen 
hundred  and  ninety,  and  an  annual  increase  of  the  amount  of  such  appropriation 
thereafter  for  ten  years  by  an  additional  sum  of  one  thousand  dollars  over  the  pre- 
ceding year,  and  the  annual  amount  to  be  paid  thereafter  to  each  State  and  Terri- 
tory shall  be  twenty-five  thousand  dollars,  to  be  applied  only  to  instniction  in  agri- 
culture, the  mechanic  arts,  the  English  language  and  the  various  branches  of  mathe- 
matical, physical,  natural,  and  economic  science,  with  special  reference  to  their 
applications  in  the  industries  of  life  and  to  the  fivcilities  for  such  instruction:  Pro- 
vided, That  no  money  shall  be  paid  out  under  this  act  to  any  State  or  Territory  for 
the  support  and  maintenance  of  a  college  where  a  distinction  of  race  or  color  is  made 
in  the  admission  of  students,  but  the  establishment  and  maintenance  of  such  colleges' 
separately  for  white  and  colored  students  shall  bo  held  to  be  a  compliance  with  the 
provisions  of  this  act  if  the  funds  received  in  such  State  or  Territor>'  bo  0(iuitably 
divided  as  hereinafter  set  forth:  Provided,  That  in  any  State  in  which  there  has  been 
one  college  established  in  pursuance  of  the  act  of  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and 
sixty-two,  and  also  in  which  an  educational  institution  of  like  chan\cter  has  been 
established,  or  may  bo  hereafter  established,  and  is  now  aided  by  such  State  fromita 
own  revenue,  for  the  education  of  colored  students  in  agriculture  and  the  mechanic 
arts,  however  named  or  styled,  or  whether  or  not  it  has  received  money  heretofore 
under  the  act  to  which  this  act  is  an  amendment,  the  legislature  of  suc-h  State  may 
propose  and  report  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  a  ju.st  and  ecjuitahle  division  of 
the  fund  to  be  received  under  this  act,  between  one  college  for  white  students  and 
one  institution  for  colored  students,  established  as  aforesaid,  which  shall  bo  divided 


into  two  parts,  and  paid  accordingly,  and  thereupon  such  institution  for  colored  stu- 
dents shall  be  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  this  act  and  subject  to  its  pro\isions,  as  much 
as  it  would  have  been  if  it  had  been  included  under  the  act  of  eighteen  hundred  and 
sixty-two,  and  the  fulfillment  of  the  foregoing  provisions  shall  be  taken  as  a  compliance 
with  the  provision  in  reference  to  separate  colleges  for  white  and  colored  students. 

Sec.  2.  That  the  sums  hereby  appropriated  to  the  States  and  Territories  for  the 
further  endowment  and  support  of  colleges  shall  be  annually  paid  on  or  before  the 
thirty-first  day  of  July  of  each  year,  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  upon  the  war- 
rant of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  out  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States,  to  the 
State  or  Territorial  treasurer,  or  to  such  officer  as  shall  be  designated  by  the  laws  of 
such  State  or  Tenitory  to  receive  the  same,  who  shall  upon  the  order  of  the  trustees 
of  the  college  or  the  institution  for  colored  students,  immediately  pay  over  said  sums 
to  the  treasurers  of  the  respective  colleges  or  other  institutions  entitled  to  receive 
the  same,  and  such  treasurers  shall  be  required  to  report  to  the  Secretary  of  Agricul- 
ture and  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  September  of 
each  year  a  detailed  statement  of  the  amovmt  so  received  and  of  its  disbursement. 
The  grants  of  moneys  authorized  by  this  act  are  made  subject  to  the  legislative  assent 
of  the  several  States  and  Territories  to  the  purpose  of  said  grants:  Provided,  That 
payments  of  such  installments  of  the  appropriation  herein  made  as  shall  become  due 
to  any  State  before  the  adjournment  of  the  regular  session  of  legislature  meeting  next 
after  the  passage  of  this  act  shall  be  made  upon  the  assent  of  the  governor  thereof, 
duly  certified  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

Sec.  3.  That  if  any  portion  of  the  moneys  received  by  the  designated  officer  of  the 
State  or  Territory  for  the  further  and  more  complete  endowment,  support,  and  main- 
tenance of  colleges,  or  of  institutions  for  colored  students,  as  provided  in  this  act, 
shall,  by  any  action  or  contingency,  be  dismissed  or  lost,  or  be  misapplied,  it  shall 
be  replaced  by  the  State  or  Territory  to  which  it  belongs,  and  until  so  replaced  no 
subsequent  appropriation  shall  be  apportioned  or  paid  to  such  State  or  Terri|ory; 
and  no  portion  of  said  moneys  shall  be  applied,  directly  or  indirectly,  under  any 
pretense  whatever,  to  the  purchase,  erection,  preservation,  or  repair  of  any  building 
or  buildings.  An  annual  report  by  the  president  of  each  of  said  colleges  shall  be  made 
to  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  as  well  as  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  regarding 
the  condition  and  progress  of  each  college,  including  statistical  information  in  rela- 
tion to  its  receipts  and  expenditures,  its  library,  the  number  of  its  students  and  pro- 
fessors, and  also  as  to  any  improvements  and  experiments  made  under  the  direction 
of  any  experiment  stations  attached  to  said  colleges,  with  their  cost  and  results  and 
such  other  industrial  and  economical  statistics  as  may  be  regarded  as  useful,  one 
copy  of  which  shall  be  transmitted  by  mail  free  to  all  other  colleges  further  endowed 
under  this  act. 

Sec.  4.  That  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  July  in  each  year,  after  the  passage  of 
this  act,  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  shall  ascertain  and  certify  to  the  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury  as  to  each  State  and  Territory,  whether  it  is  entitled  to  receive  its  share 
of  the  annual  appropriation  for  colleges,  or  of  institutions  for  colored  students,  under 
this  act  and  the  amount  which  thereupon  each  is  entitled,  respectively,  to  receive. 
If  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  shall  withhold  a  certificate  from  any  State  or  Terri- 
tory of  its  appropriation,  the  facts  and  reasons  therefor  shall  be  reported  to  the  Presi- 
dent, and  the  amount  involved  shall  be  kept  separate  in  the  Treasury  until  the  close 
of  the  next  Congress,  in  order  that  the  State  or  TeiTitory  may,  if  it  should  so  desire, 
appeal  to  Congress  from  the  determination  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior.  If  the 
next  Congress  shall  not  direct  such  sum  to  be  paid  it  shall  be  covered  into  the  Treasury. 
And  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  is  hereby  charged  with  the  proper  administration 
of  this  law. 

Sec  5.  That  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  shall  annually  report  to  Congress  the 
disbiu*sements  which  have  been  made  in  all  the  States  and  Territories,  and  also 


whether  the  appropriation  of  any  State  or  Territory  has  been  withheld,  and,  if  bo, 
the  reasons  therefor. 

Sec.  6.  Congress  may  at  any  time  amend,  aus]>end,  or  repeal  any  or  all  of  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act. 

Approved,  August  30,  1890  (26  Stat.  L.,  417;). 

PROVISIONS  OF  ACT  MAKWG  APPROPRIATIONS  FOR  THE  L'NITED 
STATES  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE  FOR  THE  FISCAL  YE.\R  END- 
ING JUNE  30,  1908,  FOR  THE  FURTHER  ENDOWMENT  OF  AGRICUL- 
TURAL COLLEGES. 

[Nelson  amendment.] 

*  *  *  That  there  shall  be,  and  hereby  is,  annually  appropriated,  out  of  any 
money  in  the  Treasury  not  othervnse  appropriated,  to  be  paid  as  hereinafter  provided, 
to  each  State  and  Territory  for  the  more  complete  endowment  and  maintenance  of 
agricultural  colleges  now  established,  or  which  may  hereafter  be  established,  in 
accordance  with  the  act  of  Congress  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and 
aixty-two,  and  the  act  of  Congress  approved  August  thirtieth,  eighteen  hundred  and 
ninety,  the  sum  of  five  thousand  dollars,  in  addition  to  the  sums  named  in  the  said 
act,  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  eight,  and  an 
annual  increase  of  the  amount  of  such  appropriation  thereafter  for  four  years  by  an 
additional  sum  of  five  thousand  dollars  over  the  preceding  year,  and  the  annual  sum 
to  be  paid  thereafter  to  each  State  and  Territory  aliall  be  fifty  thousand  dollars,  to  be 
applied  only  for  the  purjjoses  of  the  agricultural  colleges  as  defined  and  limited  in 
the  act  of  Congress  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two.  and  the 
act  of  Congress  api)rovcd  August  thirtieth,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety. 

That  the  sum  hereby  appropriated  to  the  States  and  Territories  for  the  further 
endowment  and  support  of  the  colleges  shall  be  paid  by,  to,  and  in  the  manner  pre- 
8cri\>ed  by  the  act  of  Congress  approved  August  tliirtieth,  eighteen  hundred  and 
ninety,  entitled  "An  act  to  apply  a  portion  of  the  proceeds  of  the  public  lands  to  the 
more  complete  endowment  and  support  of  the  colleges  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture 
and  the  mechanic  arts  established  under  the  provisions  of  an  act  of  Congress  ai)proved 
July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two,"  and  the  expenditure,  of  the  said 
money  shall  be  governed  in  all  respects  by  the  provisions  of  the  said  act  of  Congress 
approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two,  and  the  said  act  of  Congrese 
approved  August  thirtieth,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety:  Provided,  Tliat  said  col- 
leges may  use  a  portion  of  this  money  for  providing  courses  for  the  spociiil  preparation 
of  instructors  for  teaching  the  elements  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts. 

Approved,  March  4,  1907  (34  Stat.  L.,  125G,  1281). 

DETAIL  OF  ARMY  OFFICERS  AND  SALE  OF  SUPPUES  TO  LAND-GR.4NT 

COLLEGES.' 

(Memoroilum  of  Iho  War  Dpparlmciil  on  the  detail  of  olllcors  of  tho  Array  as  professors  of  miliiury  siii-iiw 
and  tactics  ul  wlucational  institutions,  and  tho  issue  of  arms  and  equipments  tlieroto.) 

1.  The  following  requirement*  are  necessary  to  be  fulfilled  by  institutions  before 
the  detail  of  an  Army  ollicer  can  be  made  and  arms  and  certain  ordnance  eciuipmout 
issueil; 

litfjuirrmenlit:  («)  The  application  for  the  detail  of  an  ollicer  as  professor  oi  mili- 
tary H(  ience  and  tactics  must  he  nuide  by  the  authoritifs  of  an  cstabli.slud  military  insti- 
tution, seminary,  academy,  college,  or  university  witliin  the  I'liited  Stati>8. 

(b)  It  must  have  a  caimcity  to  educate  at  one  and  the  same  time  not  loss  than  150 
male  studentfl. 


'  For  full  Inforiniit  ion  rcKar<llnK  laws,  renuhitlon.s,  anil  Inst  ruct  Ions  ttlTectIng  such  detail, see  War  PPimrt- 
mont,  Uoueral  Orders,  Nos.  7U,  1U13,  and  \i  and  27, 191.'). 


(c)  The  application  must  be  accompanied  by  the  last  printed  catalogue  and  a  cer- 
tificate showing  the  number  of  male  students,  the  number  of  students  in  daily  attend- 
ance at  the  time  of  application,  the  numberof  students  over  15  years  of  age,  the  capacity 
in  buildings,  apparatus,  and  the  number  of  instructors.  It  must  also  show  the  grade 
of  the  institution  and  whether  or  not  it  is  a  land-grant  institution,  and  the  degrees  it 
confers. 

(d)  The  authorities  of  the  institution  must  assure  the  War  Department  that  military 
instruction  shall  be  compulsory  for  all  physically  qualified  students  for  a  period  of  at 
least  two  years  and  for  not  less  than  84  hours  per  academic  year. 

(e)  The  authorities  must  agree  to  uniform  the  students,  at  other  than  Government 
expense,  in  neat,  well-fitting  uniforms  of  a  pattern  and  style  now  in  vogue  at  other 
institutions  of  the  same  class  and  kind.     (See  act  of  Congress  approved  July  17,  1914.) 

(/)  That  the  officer  so  detailed  shall  be  a  member  of  the  faculty,  with  the  same  privi- 
leges as  those  granted  the  heads  of  other  departments  of  the  institution. 

(g)  That  the  officer  so  detailed  will  be  supported  by  the  authorities  in  maintaining 
a  liigh  standard  of  military  discipline. 

(h)  That  the  course  and  method  of  training  will  be  as  prescribed  by  the  War  Depart- 
ment and  the  details  of  same  left  in  the  hands  of  the  officer  so  detailed.  A  svd table 
classroom  should  be  provided. 

2.  If  these  requirements  can  be  fulfilled  by  the  institution,  the  War  Department, 
under  section  1225,  Revised  Statutes,  can  grant  the  following: 

(a)  Detail  an  officer  from  the  active  list  of  the  Army  to  institutions  classed  as 
MC  and  C,  where  the  number  of  male  students  is  100  or  over,  and  to  class  M  and  SM 
institutions,  where  the  number  of  such  students  ia  150. 

Class  MC. — Colleges  and  universities  (including  land-grant  institutions)  where  the 
curriculum  is  sufficiently  advanced  to  carry  with  it  a  degree,  where  the  students  are 
habitually  in  uniform,  where  the  average  age  of  the  students  on  graduation  is  not  less 
than  21  years,  where  military  discipline  is  constantly  maintained,  and  where  one  of 
the  leading  objects  is  the  development  of  the  student  by  means  of  military  drill  and 
by  regulating  his  daily  conduct  according  to  the  principles  of  military  discipline. 

Class  M. — Essentially  military  institutions  where  the  curriculum  is  not  sufficiently 
advanced  to  carry  with  it  a  degree  or  where  the  average  age  of  the  students  on  gradua- 
tion is  less  than  21  years. 

Class  C. — Colleges  and  universities  (including  land-grant  institutions)  not  essentially 
military,  where  the  cturiculum  is  sufficiently  advanced  to  carry  with  it  a  degree  and 
where  the  average  age  of  the  students  on  graduation  is  not  less  than  21  years. 

Class  SM. — Institutions  not  included  in  any  of  the  classes  mentioned  above. 

(b)  Detail  an  officer  from  the  retired  list  of  the  Army  whose  pay  and  allowances  wiU 
be  paid  by  the  Government,  provided  the  number  of  students  over  15  years  of  age 
exceeds  75.  (Act  of  Nov.  3,  1893.)  The  total  number  of  active  and  retii-ed  offi- 
cers who  can  be  so  detailed  is  by  law  limited  to  100. 

(c)  Detail  a  retired  officer  under  the  act  approved  April  21, 1904,  to  any  institution 
where  the  number  of  male  students  is  less  than  75,  provided  the  institution  will  pay 
the  officer's  commutation.  The  number  of  officers  provided  for  this  class  of  details  is 
unlimited. 

The  annual  commutation  for  a  first  lieutenant  is  about  $550,  for  a  captain  about  $710, 
for  a  major  about  $882. 

(d)  Within  the  limitations  prescribed  by  "a,"  "b,"  and  "c,"  a  college  may  have 
detailed  thereat  an  active  officer  or  a  retired  officer;  a  preparatory  school  other  than  a 
public  high  school,  an  officer  from  the  active  list,  a  retired  officer  on  active-pay  status 
or  a  retired  officer  under  the  provisions  of  the  act  approved  April  21,  1904;  but  a  high 
school,  a  retired  officer  only  under  the  act  approved  April  21,  1904. 

(e)  Upon  the  issue  of  the  order  detailing  the  officer  for  duty  as  professor  of  military 
science  and  tactics  at  the  institution,  arms  and  equipment  can  be  issued  in  accord- 


8 

ance  with  the  procedure  laid  down  in  paragraphs  39  and  49,  inclusive,  General 
Orders,  No.  70,  War  Department,  1913. 

(/)  In  accordance  with  the  act  of  Congress  approved  July  17,  1914,  the  purchase  of 
articles  of  clothing  and  puhlications  in  such  quantities  as  are  approved  by  the  Secretary 
of  War  can  be  made.      Each  application  will  be  conaiilere<i  separately. 

(g)  The  in.stifution  will  be  inspected  annually  by  General  Staff  ollicera  with  the 
view  of  standardizing  the  course  of  instruction  and  correcting  any  deficiencies  in 
methods,  manner  of  instruction  and  training  that  might  exist. 

3.  Before  issuing  any  arms  and  equipment  the  law  requires  that  a  bond  twice  the 
value  of  the  ordnance  and  ordnance  stores  Lssued  be  filed  with  the  Chief  of  Ordnance, 
United  States  Army.     (Pars.  60  to  (59,  General  Orders,  No.  70,  War  Department,  1913.) 

All  information  relative  to  the  purchase  of  ordnance  and  ordnance  stores  or  replacing 
those  damaged  by  fair  wear  and  tear,  or  carelessness  on  the  part  of  members  of  the 
Cadet  Corps,  and  accounting  for  the  property  of  the  Government  in  the  hands  of  the 
college  or  school  authorities,  will  be  found  in  paragraphs  50  to  59,  inclusive.  General 
Orders,  No.  70,  War  Department,  1913. 

A  suitable  place  for  the  safe-keeping  of  the  arms  and  equipment,  as  well  as  adequate 
arrangements  for  their  care  and  preservation,  must  be  pro\'ided.  Where  a  retired 
ofTicer  is  detailed  under  the  act  approved  April  21,  1904,  the  approval  of  the  governor 
of  the  State  is  necessary  before  submitting  any  application  for  arms  and  equipment. 

4.  A  retired  officer  can  be  detailed  at  any  educational  institution  provided  the  insti- 
tution will  pay  the  oflicer's  commutation. 


GRADUATES  OF  LAND-GRANT  COLLEGES  AND  MILITARY  SERVICE. 

[Extract  from  an  act  for  making  further  and  more  effectual  pro\'lsion  for  the  naUonal  defense,  and  for 

other  purposes.] 

Sec.  40.  The  Reserve  Officers'  TR.\i>fiMO  Corps. — The  President  is  hereby 
authorized  to  establish  and  maintain  in  civil  educational  institutions  a  Reserve  Olli- 
cers'  Training  Corps,  which  shall  consist  of  a  senior  division  organized  at  universities 
and  colleges  requiring  four  years  of  collegiate  study  for  a  degree,  including  State 
universities  and  those  State  institutions  that  are  required  to  provide  instruction  in 
military  tactics  under  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  second,  eighteen 
hundred  and  sixty-two,  donating  lands  for  the  establishment  of  colleges  where  the 
leading  object  shall  be  practical  instruction  in  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts, 
including  military  tactics,  and  a  junior  division  organized  at  all  other  public  or  private 
e<lucational  institutions,  except  that  units  of  the  senior  division  may  he  organized  at 
those  essentially  military  schools  which  do  not  confer  an  academic  degree  but  which, 
as  a  result  of  the  annual  in.spection  of  such  iuHtitutions  by  the  War  Department,  are 
specially  designated  by  the  Secretary  of  War  as  qualified  for  units  of  the  senior  di vi.sion, 
and  each  division  shall  consist  of  units  of  the  several  arms  or  corps  in  such  number 
and  of  such  strength  as  the  President  may  prescribe. 

Sec.  41.  The  rn-sident  may,  ui)on  theapplicationof  any  State  institution  described 
in  section  forty  of  this  act,  establish  and  maintain  at  such  institution  one  or  more  units 
of  the  Reserve  Odiccrs'  Training  ('()ri)s:  I'rovidvil,  That  no  such  unit  shall  be  estab- 
lish(!<l  or  maintaine<l  at  any  such  institution  until  an  oflicerof  the  Army  shall  have  been 
(U'tailed  as  jjrofcssor  of  military'  Hcicnce  and  tactics,  nor  until  such  institution  shall 
maintuin  under  niilit:ir>'  instruction  at  least  one  hundrnl  ])hysically  fit  mah'Stud<>nls, 

Skc.  42.  The  President  may,  upon  the  apj»licution  of  any  established  o<lucational 
institution  in  the  UniUnl  States  other  than  a  Stat(^  institution  (b'.scribiHl  in  section  forty 
of  thisact,  theauthoriticsof  whiih  agree  to  establish  and  maintain  a  two  years'  elective 
or  compulsory  course  of  military'  training  as  a  tuinimum  for  its  jihysically  lit  male  stu- 


9 

dents,  which  course  when  entered  upon  by  any  student  shall,  as  regards  such  student, 
be  a  prerequisite  for  graduation,  establish  and  maintain  at  such  institution  one  or  more 
units  of  the  Reserve  Officers'  Training  Corps:  Provided,  That  no  such  unit  shall  be 
established  or  maintained  at  any  such  institution  until  an  officer  of  the  Army  shall 
have  been  detailed  as  professor  of  military  science  and  tactics,  nor  until  such  institu- 
tion shall  maintain  under  military  instruction  at  least  one  hundred  physically  fit  male 
students. 

Sec.  43.  The  Secretary  of  War  is  hereby  authorized  to  prescribe  standard  courses  of 
theoretical  and  practical  military  training  for  units  of  the  Reserve  Officers'  Training 
Corps,  and  no  unit  of  the  senior  division  shall  be  organized  or  maintained  at  any  educa- 
tional institution  the  authorities  of  wliich  fail  or  neglect  to  adopt  into  their  curriculum 
the  prescribed  courses  of  military  training  for  the  senior  division  or  to  devote  at  least 
an  average  of  three  hours  per  week  per  academic  year  to  such  military  training;  and  no 
unit  of  the  junior  division  shall  be  organized  or  maintained  at  any  educational  institu- 
tion the  authorities  of  which  fail  or  neglect  to  adopt  into  their  curriculum  the  pre- 
scribed courses  of  military  training  for  the  junior  division,  or  to  devote  at  least  an 
average  of  three  hours  per  week  per  academic  year  to  such  military  training. 

Sec.  44.  Eligibility  to  membership  in  the  Reserve  Officers'  Training  Corps  shall  be 
limited  to  students  of  institutions  in  wliich  units  of  such  corps  may  be  established  who 
are  citizens  of  the  United  States,  who  are  not  less  than  fourteen  years  of  age,  and  whose 
bodily  condition  indicates  that  they  are  physically  fit  to  perform  military  duty,  or  will 
be  so  upon  arrival  at  military  age. 

Sec.  45.  The  President  is  hereby  authorized  to  detail  such  numbers  of  officers  of  the 
Army,  either  active  or  retired,  not  above  the  grade  of  colonel,  as  may  be  necessary,'  for 
duty  as  professors  and  assistant  professors  of  military  science  and  tactics  at  institutions 
where  one  or  more  units  of  the  Reserve  Officers'  Training  Corps  are  maintained ;  but 
the  total  number  of  active  officers  so  detailed  at  educational  institutions  shall  not 
exceed  three  hundred,  and  no  active  officer  shall  be  so  detailed  who  has  not  had  five 
years'  commissioned  service  in  the  Army.  In  time  of  peace  retired  officers  shall  not 
be  detailed  under  the  pro\dsions  of  tliis  section  without  their  consent.  Retired  officers 
below  the  grade  of  lieutenant  colonel  so  detailed  shall  receive  the  full  pay  and  allow- 
ances of  their  grade,  and  retired  officers  above  the  grade  of  major  so  detailed  shall 
receive  the  same  pay  and  allowances  as  a  retired  major  would  receive  under  a  like 
detail.  No  detail  of  .officers  on  the  active  list  of  the  Regular  Army  under  the  provi- 
sions of  this  section  shall  extend  for  more  than  four  years. 

Sec.  46.  The  President  is  hereby  authorized  to  detail  for  duty  at  institutions  where 
one  or  more  units  of  the  Reserve  Officers'  Training  Corps  are  maintained  such  number 
of  enlisted  men,  either  active  or  retired  or  of  the  Regular  Army  Reserve,  as  he  may 
deem  necessary,  but  the  number  of  active  noncommissioned  officers  so  detailed  shall 
not  exceed  five  hundred,  and  all  active  noncommissioned  officers  so  detailed  shall  be 
additional  in  their  respective  grades  to  those  otherwise  authorized  for  the  Army. 
Retired  enlisted  men  or  members  of  the  Regular  Army  Reserve  shall  not  be  detailed 
under  the  provisions  of  tliis  section  without  their  consent.  Wliile  so  detailed  they 
shall  receive  active  pay  and  allowances. 

Sec.  47.  The  Secretary  of  War,  under  such  regulations  as  he  may  prescribe,  is  hereby 
authorized  to  issue  to  institutions  at  which  one  or  more  units  of  the  Reserve  Officers' 
Training  Corps  are  maintained  such  public  animals,  arms,  uniforms,  equipment,  and 
means  of  transportation  as  he  may  deem  necessary,  and  to  forage  at  the  expense  of  the 
United  States  public  animals  so  issued.  He  shall  require  from  each  institution  to  wliich 
property  of  the  United  States  is  issued  a  bond  in  the  value  of  the  property  issued  for 
the  care  and  safe-keeping  thereof,  and  for  its  return  when  required. 

Sec.  48.  The  Secretary  of  War  is  hereby  authorized  to  maintain  camps  for  the  fur- 
ther practical  instruction  of  the  members  of  the  Reserve  Officers'  Training  Corps,  no 
58597°— 16 2 


10 

such  ram[>fl  to  be  maintained  for  a  pmod  lonp«»r  than  six  weeks  in  any  one  year,  except 
in  linie  of  a<tual  or  threatened  hostilities;  to  tran8|x)rt  members  of  such  corps  to  and 
from  such  c"ami)s  at  the  expenao  of  the  Uniteil  States  so  far  as  appropriations  will  per- 
mit; to  subsist  them  at  the  expense  of  the  United  States  while  traveling  to  and  from 
such  camps  and  while  remaiiunj,'  therein  so  far  as  appropriations  will  permit ;  to  use  the 
Regular  Army,  such  other  military  forces  as  ( "ongre^ss  from  time  to  time  authorizes,  and 
such  Government  property  as  he  may  deem  necessary  for  the  military  training  of  the 
members  of  such  corps  while  in  attendance  at  such  camps;  to  prescribe  regulations  for 
the  government  of  such  corps;  and  to  authorize,  in  his  discretion,  the  formation  of 
comjjany  units  thereof  into  battalion  and  regimental  units. 

Sec.  49.  The  President  alone,  under  such  regulations  as  ho  may  prescribe,  is  hereby 
authorized  to  appoint  in  the  Officers'  Reserve  Corps  any  gra<luate  of  the  senior  division 
of  the  Reserve  Officers'  Training  Corps  who  shall  have  satisfactorily  completed  the 
further  training  providwl  for  in  section  fifty  of  this  act,  or  any  graduate  of  the  junior 
division  who  shall  have  satisfactorily  completed  the  courses  of  military  training  pre- 
scribed for  the  senior  division  and  the  further  training  provided  for  in  section  fifty  of 
this  act,  and  shall  have  participated  in  such  practical  instruction  subsequent  to  gradua- 
tion as  the  Secretary  of  War  shall  prescribe,  who  shall  havearrivwl  at  theixgcof  twenty- 
one  years  and  wlio  shall  agree,  under  oath  in  \vriting,  to  serve  the  Uml(^l  Slates  in  the 
capacity  of  a  reserve  officer  of  the  Army  during  a  period  of  at  lea.st  ten  years  from  the 
date  of  his  aj)pointment  as  such  reserve  officer,  unless  sooner  discharginl  by  proper 
authority;  but  the  total  number  of  reserve  officers  so  appointcxl  shall  not  excee<l  fifty 
thousand:  Provided,  That  any  graduate  qualified  under  the  pro\'ision.s of  tliis  section 
undergoing  a  post|;;ra<luate  course  at  any  institution  shall  not  be  eligible  for  appoint- 
ment as  a  reserve  officer  while  undergoing  such  postgraduate  course,  but  his  ultimate 
eligibility  upon  completion  of  such  postgraduate  course  for  such  appointment  shall 
not  be  affected  because  of  liis  having  undei^one  such  postgnuluate  course. 

Sec.  50.  When  any  member  of  the  senior  division  of  the  Reserve  Officers'  Training 
Corps  has  completed  two  academic  years  of  service  in  that  division,  and  has  been 
selected  for  furtlier  training  by  the  president  of  the  institution  and  by  its  professor  of 
military  science  and  tactics,  and  has  agreed  in  wTiting  to  continue  in  the  Reserve 
Officers'  Training  Corps  for  the  remainder  of  his  course  in  the  institution,  devoting 
five  hours  per  week  to  the  military  training  prescribed  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  and 
has  agreed  in  writing  to  pursue  the  courses  in  camp  training  prescribed  by  the  Secre- 
tary of  War,  he  may  be  furnished,  at  the  expense  of  the  United  States,  with  commuta- 
tion of  subsistence  at  such  rate,  not  exceeding  the  cost  of  the  garrison  ration  prescribed 
for  the  Army,  as  may  be  fixed  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  during  the  remainder  of  his 
service  in  the  Reserve  Ofiicers'  Training  Corps. 

Sec.  51.  Any  physically  fit  male  citizen  of  the  United  States,  between  the  ages  of 
twenty-one  and  twenty-seven  years,  who  shall  have  graduated  prior  to  the  date  of 
this  act  from  any  educational  institution  at  which  an  officer  of  the  Anny  wa.s  detailed 
as  professorof  military  science  and  tactics,  and  who,  while  a  student  at  such  institu- 
tion, completed  courses  of  military  training  under  tlie  direction  of  Buch  professor  of 
military  science  and  tactics  substantially  e(|uivalcnt  to  those  prescribed  pursuant  to 
this  act  for  the  senior  division,  shall,  after  satisfactorily  comj)leting  such  additional 
j)ractical  military  tnuning  as  the  Secretary  of  War  shall  prescribe,  be  eligil)le  for 
appointment  txj  the  Officers'  Reserve  Corps  and  as  a  temporary  additional  second 
lieutenant  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  lliis  act. 

Skc.  62.  The  I'resident  alone  is  hereby  authorized  to  appoint  and  commission  as  a 
temporary  second  lieutenant  of  tiie  Regular  Army  in  time  of  peace  for  purposes  of 
instruction,  for  a  period  not  exceeding  six  months,  with  the  allowances  now  provided 
by  law  for  that  grade,  but  with  j)ay  at  the  rate  of  $100  per  month,  any  reserve  officer 
apijointcd  pursuant  to  sections  forty-nine  and  fifty-one  of  this  act  and  to  attach  him 


11 

to  a  unit  of  the  Regular  Army  for  duty  and  training  during  the  period  covered  by  his 
appointment  as  such  temporary  second  lieutenant,  and  upon  the  expiration  of  such 
service  with  the  Regular  Army  such  officer  shall  revert  to  his  status  as  a  reserve  officer. 
Sec.  53.  No  reserve  officer  or  temporary  second  lieutenant  appointed  pursuant  to 
this  act  shall  be  entitled  to  retirement  or  to  retired  pay  and  shall  be  eligible  for  pension 
only  for  disability  incurred  in  line  of  duty  in  active  service  or  while  serving  with  the 
Regular  Army  piu-suant  to  the  provisions  of  this  act:  Provided,  That  in  time  of  war 
the  President  may  order  reserve  officers  appointed  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  to 
active  duty  with  any  of  the  military  forces  of  the  United  States  in  any  grades  not 
below  that  of  second  lieutenant,  and  while  on  such  active  duty  they  shall  be  subject 
to  the  Rules  and  Articles  of  War:  And  provided  further,  That  the  Adjutant  General  of 
the  Army  shall,  under  the  direction  and  supervision  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  obtain, 
compile,  and  keep  continually  up  to  date  all  obtainable  information  as  to  the  names, 
ages,  addresses,  occupations,  and  qualifications  for  appointment  as  commissioned 
officers  of  the  Army,  in  time  of  war  or  other  emergency,  of  men  of  suitable  ages  who, 
by  reason  of  having  received  military  training  in  civilian  educational  institutions  or 
..elsewhere,  may  be  regarded  as  qualified  and  available  for  appointment  as  such  com- 
missioned officers. 
Approved,  June  3,  1916. 

CLAUSE  IN  ACT  PROVIDING  FOR  THE  PRINTING,  BINDING,  AND  DIS- 
TRIBUTION OF  PUBLIC  DOCUMENTS,  CONSTITUTING  THE  LAND- 
GRANT  COLLEGES  DEPOSITORIES. 

All  land-grant  colleges  shall  be  constituted  as  depositories  for  public  documents, 
subject  to  the  provisions  and  limitations  of  the  depository  laws. 
Approved,  March  1,  1907  (34  Stat.  L.,  1012,  1014). 

RULINGS  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES  BUREAU  OF  EDUCATION  RELATIVE 
TO  LAND-GRANT  COLLEGES.i 

EXPENDrrURB   OF  ANNUAL  APPROPRIATION. 

The  funds  annually  appropriated  by  the  act  of  August  30,  1890,  must  be  expended 
during  the  year  for  which  they  are  appropriated  and  for  the  purposes  specified  in  the 
said  act,  and  can  not  be  allowed  to  accumulate  in  the  form  of  an  unexpended  balance 
or  be  invested  as  a  permanent  interest-bearing  fund  (decision  of  the  Assistant  Attorney 
General,  June  20,  1899).  The  department  will  insist  on  the  expenditure  annually 
of  substantially  the  entire  amount  appropriated  by  the  act  of  August  30,  1890,  and  the 
act  of  March  4,  1907,  and  boards  of  control  of  agricultiu-al  and  mechanical  colleges  are 
requested  to  make  provision  for  such  expenditures.  It  is  understood,  of  course,  that 
contracts  may  be  entered  into  for  machinery  or  other  educational  material  which, 
for  good  reasons,  may  not  be  ready  and  paid  for  until  the  following  year.  In  such 
cases  it  is  sufficient  to  explain,  by  a  note  in  the  report,  that  tlie  balance  is  held  for 
the  purpose  of  liquidating  bills  already  incurred,  and  stating  the  nature  of  the  out- 
standing contract-s. 

USES   OF  FUNDS   DEFINED. 

The  funds  are  "to  be  applied  only  to  instruction  in  agriculture,  the  mechanic  arts, 
theJEnglish  language,  and  the  various  branches  of  mathematical,  physical,  natural 
and  economic  science,  with  special  reference  to  their  applications  in  the  industries 

1  For  fuller  information  see  Federal  Laws,  Regulations,  and  Rulings  Affecting  the  Land-Grant  Col- 
leges of  Agriculture  and  Mechanic  Arts.    U.  S.  Bureau  of  Education,  I'JU. 


12 

of  life,  and  to  the  facilities  for  wue-h  instnirtion"  and  "for  providiiiR  roiirsc.s  for  the 
speeial  preparation  of  instructorH  for  teaching  the  elements  of  aii:ri<'ullure  and  me- 
chanic arts."  It  is  held  that  this  language  authorizes  the  purchase  with  this  money 
of  apparatus,  machiner\-,  textbof)ks,  reference  books,  stock,  and  material  used  in 
instniction,  or  for  the  purposes  of  illustration  in  connection  with  any  of  the  branches 
enumerated,  and  the  payment  of  salaries  of  instructors  in  said  branches  only;  but,  in 
case  of  machinery  (such  as  boilers,  engines,  pumps,  etc.)  and  farm  stock,  which  are 
made  to  serve  for  both  in.structional  and  other  purposes,  the  Federal  funds  may  be 
charged  with  only  an  equitable  portion  of  the  cost  of  said  machinery  and  stock. 

BUILDINGS. 

The  expenditure  of  any  portion  of  these  funds  for  the  purchase,  erection,  preserva- 
tion, or  repair  of  any  building  or  buildings  under  any  pretense  whatever  is  specifically 
proliibited  by  the  act  (sec.  3);  the  purchase  of  land  is  not  allowable  (decision  of 
Assistant  Attorney  General,  Mar.,  1891),  nor  expenditures  for  permanent  improvement 
to  buildings,  grounds,  and  farms,  such  as  clearing,  draining,  and  fencing  of  land. 

SALARIES  OF  ADMINISTRATIVE   OFFICERS. 

.The  salaries  of  purely  administrative  officers,  such  as  treasurers  (decision  of  Assistant 
Attorney  General,  !Mar.  7,  1894),  presidents,  secretaries,  bookkeept^rs,  janitors,  watch- 
men, etc.,  can  not  be  charged  to  this  fund,  nor  the  salaries  of  other  administrative 
officers,  like  superintendents,  foremen,  and  matrons,  and  the  wages  of  unskilled 
laborers  and  assistants  in  shops,  laboratories,  and  fields;  nor  can  it  be  expended  for 
heating  or  lighting  buildings,  musical  instruments,  military  equipment,  furniture, 
cases,  shelving,  desks,  blackboards,  tables,  lockers,  salaries  of  instructors  in  philoso- 
phy, psychology,  ethics,  logic,  history,  political  science,  civics,  pedagogy,  military 
science  and  tactics,  and  in  ancient  and  modern  languages  (excei)t  English).  When 
an  administrative  officer  also  gives  instruction  in  any  of  the  branches  of  study  men- 
tioned in  the  act  of  August  30,  1890,  or  when  an  instructor  gives  such  instruction  and 
also  devotes  part  of  his  time  to  giving  instruction  in  branches  of  study  not  mentioned 
in  the  said  act,  only  a  part  of  such  person's  salary  proportionate  to  the  time  devoted 
to  giving  instruction  in  the  branches  of  study  mentioned  in  the  said  act  of  August  30, 
1890,  can  V)o  charged  to  these  funds.  In  the  division  of  time  between  instructional 
and  other  services,  one  hour  vi  instruction  shall  be  regarded  a«  the  equivalent  of  two 
hours  of  administrative,  supervisory,  or  experiment  station  work. 

EXTENSION    WORK. 

No  part  of  the  funds  received  under  the  provisions  of  the  acts  of  1890  and  1907  may 
be  used  for  any  form  of  extension  work,  and  all  in.struction  nuist  be  given  at  tht'  insti- 
tutions receivijig  thest'  funds,  except  that  a  reasonable  portion  of  the  funds  j)rovided 
by  the  act  of  1907  may  be  used  for  the  instruction  of  teachers  in  agricultur*-,  mechanic 
arts,  and  domestic  science  at  summer  schools,  teachera'  institutes,  and  by  corrt-spoud- 
vnci',  and  iu  supervising  and  directing  work  iu  these  subjects  in  hijih  schools. 

TRAININO   OF  TEACHERS. 

All  or  a  i)art  of  the  funds  provided  by  the  act  of  March  4,  1907,  may  be  used  "for 
providing  courses  for  th*-  special  preparation  of  iu.stnictors  for  teaching  the  elements 
of  agriculture  and  mechanic  arts."  It  is  held  that  this  language  authori/,(>s  expendi- 
tures for  instniction  iu  lh<'  history  of  agriculture  and  iiidu.strial  e<lucatiou,  in  nuahods 
of  teaching  agriculture,  nwchanic  arts,  and  home  ec(»noinics,  and  al.so  ft)r  sjjecial  aid 
and  supervision  given  to  tea<-herH  actively  engiiginl  iu  teaching  iigricultur««,  ni«>chanic 
arts,  and  home  economics  iu  public  schools.  It  does  not  authorize  expenditures  for 
general  courses  in  p<'dagi)gy,  psychology,  history  of  oducatiun,  and  methods  of  teaching. 


13 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  POST  OFFICE  DEPARTMENT  CONCERNING  FREE 
TRANSMISSION  OF  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE  PUBLICATIONS. 

Section  515  of  the  Postal  Laws  and  Regulations  (1902)  of  the 
United  States  relating  to  the  free  transmission  of  reports  of  agricul- 
tural colleges  reads  as  follows : 

Sec.  515.  One  copy  of  each  of  the  annual  reports  required  by  law  to  be  made  to 
the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  and  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  by  such  colleges  as  are 
or  may  hereafter  be  established  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts 
in  the  several  States  and  Territories  under  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  July  2,  1862, 
entitled  "An  act  donating  public  lands  to  the  several  States  and  Territories  which 
may  provide  colleges  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts,"  and  the 
acts  amendatory  thereof  *  *  *  shall  be  transmitted  by  mail  free,  by  each,  to  all 
the  other  colleges  which  may  be  endowed  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  (of  July 
2,  1862),  and  also  one  copy  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  and  the  Secretary  of 
Agriculture. 

2.  Postmasters  at  offices  where  colleges  are  established  under  the  provisions  of 
the  act  of  July  2,  1862,  will  receive  from  the  officers  thereof  the  reports  referred  to 
addressed,  one  copy  each,  to  such  other  colleges  and  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior 
and  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  and  affix  to  each  a  penalty  label  or  official  envelope 
of  the  post  office,  and  forward  the  same  free. 

AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATIONS. 

ACT  OF  1887  ESTABLISHING  AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATIONS. 

[Hatch  Act.] 

AN  ACT  To  establish  agricultural  experiment  stations  in  connection  with  the  colleges  established  in  the 
several  States  under  the  provisions  of  an  act  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two, 
and  of  the  acts  supplementary  thereto. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America 
in  Congress  assembled,  That  in  order  to  aid  in  acquiring  and  diffusing  among  the  peojile 
of  the  United  States  useful  and  practical  information  on  subjects  connected  with 
agriculture,  and  to  promote  scientific  investigation  and  experiment  respecting  the 
principles  and  applications  of  agricultural  science,  there  shall  be  established  under 
direction  of  the  college  or  colleges  or  agricultural  departments  of  colleges  in  each  State 
or  Territory  established,  or  which  may  hereafter  be  established,  in  accordance  with 
the  provisions  of  an  act  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two, 
entitled  "An  act  donating  public  lands  to  the  several  States  and  Territories  which  may 
provide  colleges  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts,"  or  any  of  the 
supplements  to  said  act,  a  department  to  be  known  and  designated  as  an  "agricultural 
experiment  station":  Provided,  That  in  any  State  or  Territory  in  which  two  such 
colleges  have  been  or  may  be  so  established  the  appropriation  hereinafter  made  to 
such  State  or  Territory  shall  be  equally  divided  between  such  colleges,  unless  the 
legislature  o£  such  State  or  Territory  shall  otherwise  direct. 

Sec.  2.  That  it  shall  be  the  object  and  duty  of  said  experiment  stations  to  conduct 
original  researches  or  verify  experiments  on  the  physiology  of  plants  and  animals; 
the  diseases  to  which  they  are  severally  subject,  with  the  remedies  for  the  same;  tlie 
chemical  composition  of  useful  plants  at  their  different  stages  of  growth;  the  com- 
parative advantages  of  rotative  cropping  as  pursued  under  the  varying  series  of  crops; 
the  capacity  of  new  plants  or  trees  for  acclimation;  the  analysis  of  soils  and  water;  the 
chemical  composition  of  manures,  natural  or  artificial,  with  experiments  designed  to 
test  tlae  comparative  effects  on  crops  of  different  kinds;  the  adaptation  and  vakie  of 
grasses  and  forage  plants;  the  composition  and  digestibility  of  the  different  kinds  of 


14 

food  for  domeetic  animal«;  the  efientific  and  economic  queationfl  involved  in  the 
production  of  butter  and  cheese;  and  such  other  researches  or  experiments  bearing 
directly  on  the  agricultural  industry  of  the  United  States  as  may  in  each  case  be 
deemed  advisable,  having  due  regard  to  the  varying  conditiona  and  needs  of  the 
respective  States  and  Territories. 

Sec.  3.  That  in  order  to  secure,  as  far  as  practicable,  uniformity  of  methods  and 
results  in  tlio  work  of  said  stations,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  United  States  Com- 
missioner [now  Secretary]  of  Agriculture  to  furnish  forms,  as  far  as  practicable,  for  the 
tabulation  of  results  of  investigation  or  experiment;  to  indicate  from  time  to  time  such 
lines  of  inquiry  as  to  him  shall  seem  most  important,  and,  in  general,  to  furnish  such 
advice  and  assistance  as  will  best  promote  the  purpose  of  tliia  act.  It  shall  be  the  duty 
of  each  of  said  stations  annually,  on  or  before  the  first  of  February,  to  make  to  the  gov- 
ernor of  the  State  or  Territory  in  which  it  is  located  a  full  and  detailed  report  of  its 
operations,  including  a  statement  of  receipts  and  expenditures,  a  copy  of  which  report 
shall  be  sent  to  each  of  said  stations,  to  the  said  Commissioner  [now  Secretary]  of 
Agriculture,  and  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States. 

Sec.  4.  That  bulletins  or  reports  of  progress  shall  be  published  at  said  stations  at 
least  once  in  three  months,  one  copy  of  which  sliall  be  sent  to  each  newspaper  in  the 
States  or  Territories  in  which  they  are  respectively  located,  and  to  such  individuals 
actually  cngageil  in  farming  as  may  request  the  same  and  as  far  as  tlie  means  of  the 
station  will  permit.  Such  bulletins  or  reports  and  the  aiuiual  reports  of  said  stations 
shall  be  transmitted  in  the  mails  of  the  United  States  free  of  charge  for  postage,  under 
such  regulations  as  tlie  Postmaster  General  may  from  time  to  time  prescribe. 

Sec.  5.  That  for  the  purpose  of  paying  tlie  necessary  expenses  of  conducting  investi- 
gations and  experiments  and  printing  and  distributing  the  results  as  hereinbefore 
prescribed,  the  sum  of  fifteen  thousand  dollars  per  annum  is  hereby  aj)propriated  to 
each  State,  to  be  specially  provided  for  by  Congress  in  the  appropriations  from  year  to 
year,  and  to  each  Territory  entitled  under  the  provisions  of  section  eight  of  this  act, 
out  of  any  money  in  the  Treasury  proceeding  from  the  sales  of  public  lands,  to  be  paid 
in  equal  (juartcrly  payments  on  the  first  day  of  January,  April,  July,  and  October  in 
each  year,  to  the  Treasurer  or  other  officer  duly  appointed  by  the  governing  boards  of 
said  colleges  to  receive  the  same,  the  first  payment  to  be  made  on  the  first  day  of 
October,  eighteen  hundred  and  eighty-seven:  Provided,  however,  That  out  of  the  first 
anmial  aj)propriation  so  receivoil  by  any  station  an  amount  not  exceeding  one-fifth 
may  l)e  expended  in  the  erection,  enlargement,  or  repair  of  a  building  or  buildings 
necessary  f<jr  carrjang  on  the  work  of  such  station;  and  thereafter  an  amount  not 
exceeding  five  per  centum  of  such  annual  aj)i)ropriation  may  be  so  expended. 

Sec.  6.  That  whenever  it  shall  appear  to  the  Secretary  of  tlie  Treasury  from  the 
annual  statement  of  receipts  and  expenditures  of  any  of  said  stations  that  a  portion  of 
the  preceding  annual  appropriation  remains  unexpended,  such  amount  shall  be 
de<luctc<l  from  the  next  succeeding  annual  a|)propriation  to  such  station,  in  onler  tJiat 
tlie  amount  of  nionc>  ai)"i)ropriated  to  any  .stivtion  shall  not  exceed  tlio  amount  actually 
and  necessarily  re(|uiretl  for  its  maintenance  and  support. 

Sec.  7.  That  n<ithing  in  this  act  shall  bo  construwl  to  impair  or  modify  the  legal 
relation  existing  between  any  of  the  said  colleges  and  the  government  of  the  States  or 
TerriUjries  in  which  they  are  respectively  located. 

Sec.  8.  That  in  Suites  having  colleges  entitled  under  tliis  section  to  the  benefits 
of  this  act  ami  having  also  agricultuml  experiment  stations  establisheil  by  law  sej>arote 
from  said  colleges,  such  States  shall  bo  authorizotl  t<^)  apply  such  benefits  to  experi- 
ments at  stations  ho  eHtablislnMl  by  such  States;  and  in  case  any  State  shall  have 
established,  under  the  provisions  of  said  act  of  July  second  aforesaid,  an  agricultural 
department  or  exi)erinuaiUil  station  in  connection  with  any  university,  con<»go,  or 
institution  not  distinctly  an  agriciillunil  <-oll<'g««  or  H<-h(M)l,  and  such  State  shall  have 
eHtabliflhed  or  hIkiI!  hereafter  establish  a  separatu  agricultural  collcgo  or  Hchool,  which 


15 

shall  have  connected  therewith  an  experimental  farm  or  station,  the  legislature  of  such 
State  may  apply  in  whole  or  in  part  the  appropriation  by  this  act  made  to  such  separate 
agricultural  college  or  school,  and  no  legislature  shall  by  contract,  express  or  implied, 
disable  itself  from  so  doing. 

Sec.  9.  That  the  grants  of  moneys  authorized  by  this  act  are  made  subject  to  the 
legislative  assent  of  the  several  States  and  Territories  to  the  purposes  of  said  grants: 
Provided,  That  payment  of  such  installments  of  tlie  appropriation  herein  made  as 
shall  become  due  to  any  State  before  the  adjournment  of  the  regular  session  of  its 
legislature  meeting  next  after  the  passage  of  this  act  shall  be  made  upon  the 
assent  of  the  governor  thereof  duly  certified  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

Sec.  10.  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  held  or  construed  as  binding  the  United  States 
to  continue  any  payments  from  the  Treasury  to  any  or  all  the  States  or  institutions 
mentioned  in  this  act,  but  Congress  may  at  any  time  amend,  suspend,  or  repeal  any 
or  all  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

Approved,  March  2,  1887  (24  Stat.  L.,  440). 

ACT  OF  1888  AMENDING  (HATCH)  ACT  OF  1887. 

AN  ACT  To  amend  an  act  entitled  "An  act  to  establish  agricultural  stations  in  connection  with  the  col- 
leges established  in  the  several  States  under  the  provisions  of  an  act  approved  July  second,  eighteenhun- 
dred  and  sixty-two,  and  the  acts  supplementary  thereto." 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America 
in  Congress  assembled,  That  the  grant  of  money  authorized  by  the  act  of  Congress 
entitled  "An  act  to  establish  agricultural  experiment  stations  in  connection  with  the 
colleges  established  in  the  several  States  under  the  provisions  of  an  act  appro A'ed  July 
second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two,  and  of  acts  supplementary  thereto, "  are 
subject  as  therein  provided  to  the  legislative  assent  of  the  States  or  Territories  to  be 
affected  thereby;  but  as  to  such  installments  of  the  appropriations  as  may  be  now 
due  or  may  hereafter  become  due,  when  the  legislatme  may  not  be  in  session,  the  gov- 
ernor of  said  State  or  Territory  may  make  the  assent  therein  provided,  and  upon  a  duly 
certified  cojjy  thereof  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  he  shall  cause  the  same  to  be 
paid  in  the  manner  provided  in  the  act  of  which  this  is  amendatory,  until  the  termina- 
tion of  the  next  regular  session  of  the  legislature  of  such  State  or  Territory. 

Approved,  June  7,  1888  (25  Stat.  L.,  176). 

PROVISO  IN  ACT  MAKING  APPROPRIATIONS  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES 
DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE  FOR  THE  FISCAL  YEAR  ENDING 
JUNE  30,  1890,  FURTHER  DEFINING  WORK  OF  STATIONS  ESTABLISHED 
UNDER  ACT  OF  MARCH  2,  1887  (HATCH  ACT). 

That,  as  far  as  practicable,  all  such  stations  shall  devote  a  portion  of  their  work  to 
the  examination  and  classification  of  soils  of  their  respective  States  and  Territories, 
with  a  view  to  securing  more  extended  knowledge  and  better  development  of  their 
agricultural  capabilities. 

Approved,  March  2,  1889  (25  Stat.  L.,  841). 

ACT    OF    1906   FOR    THE    FURTHER   ENDOWMENT    OF    AGRICULTURAL 
EXPERIMENT  STATIONS. 

[Adams  Act.] 

AN  ACT  To  provide  for  an  increased  annual  appropriation  for  agricultural  experiment  stations  and  regu- 
lating the  expenditure  thereof. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  Ilouse  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America 
in  Congress  assembled,  That  there  shall  be,  and  hereby  is,  annually  appropriated,  out 
of  any  money  in  the  Treasury  not  otherAvise  appropriated,  to  be  paid  as  hereinafter 
provided,   to  each  State  and  Territory,   for  the  more  complete  endowment  and 


16 

inaintenanre  of  agricultural  experiment  stations  now  established  or  whioh  may 
hereafter  be  established  in  accordanoe  with  the  art  oi  Consrese  approved  March 
second,  eighteen  hundred  and  eighty-seven,  the  sura  of  five  thousand  dollars  in  addi- 
tion to  the  sum  named  in  said  act  for  the  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred 
and  pix,  and  an  annual  increase  ot  the  amount  of  such  appropriation  thereafter  for 
five  years  by  an  additional  sum  of  two  thousand  dollars  over  the  preceding  year,  and 
the  annual  amount  to  be  paid  thereafter  to  each  iState  or  Territor>'  shall  be  thirty 
thousand  dollars,  to  be  applied  only  to  pa^dng  the  necessary  exi^enses  of  conducting 
original  researches  or  experiments  bearing  directly  on  the  agricultural  industry  of 
the  United  States,  having  due  regard  to  the  varjdng  conditions  and  needs  of  the 
respective  States  or  Territories. 

Sec.  2.  That  the  sums  hereby  appropriated  to  the  States  and  Territories  for  the 
further  endowment  and  support  of  agricultural  experiment  stations  shall  be  annually 
paid  in  equal  quarterly  payments  on  the  first  day  of  January,  April.  July,  and  Octo- 
ber of  each  year  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  upon  the  warrant  of  the  Secretary 
of  Agriculture,  out  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States,  to  the  treasurer  or  other 
officer  duly  appointed  by  the  governing  boards  of  said  experiment  stations  to  receive 
the  same,  and  such  officers  shall  be  required  to  report  to  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture 
on  or  before  the  first  day  of  September  of  each  year  a  detailed  statement  of  the  amount 
so  received  and  of  its  disbursement,  on  8<'hedules  prescribed  by  the  Secretan,-  of 
Agriculture.  The  grants  of  money  authorized  by  this  act  are  made  stibject  to  \ogii*- 
lative  assent  of  the  several  States  and  Territories  to  the  purpose  of  said  grants:  Pro- 
vided, That  payment  of  such  installments  of  the  appropriation  herein  made  a.s  .shall 
become  due  to  any  State  or  Territory  before  the  adjournment  of  the  regular  session  oi 
legislature  meeting  next  after  the  passage  of  this  act  shall  be  made  upon  the  assent 
of  the  governor  thereof,  duly  certified  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

Sec.  3.  That  if  any  portion  of  the  moneys  received  by  the  designated  oflScer  of 
any  State  or  Territory  for  the  further  and  more  complete  endowment,  support, 
and  maintenance  of  agricultural  experiment  stations  as  pro\-ided  in  this  act  shall 
by  any  action  or  contingency  be  diminished  or  lost  or  be  misapplied,  it  shall  be 
replaced  by  said  State  or  Territory  to  which  it  belongs,  and  until  so  replaced  no- 
subsequent  appropriation  shall  be  apportioned  or  paid  to  such  State  or  Territory; 
and  no  portion  of  said  moneys  exceeding  five  per  centunx  of  each  annual  ap])r<)- 
priation  shall  be  applied,  directly  or  indirectly,  under  any  pretense  whatever,  to 
the  purchase,  erection,  preservation,  or  repair  of  any  building  or  buildings,  or  to 
the  purchase  or  rental  of  land.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  each  of  said  stations  annually, 
on  or  before  the  first  day  of  February,  to  make  to  the  governor  of  the  Sute  or  Ter- 
ritory in  wl^ich  it  is  located  a  full  and  detailed  report  of  its  operations,  including 
a  statement  of  receipts  and  expenditures,  a  copy  of  which  rei)orl  shall  be  sent  to 
each  of  said  stations,  to  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  and  to  the  Se<'relary  of  the 
Treasury  of  the  United  States. 

Sec.  4.  That  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  July  in  each  year  after  the  i)a8Siige  of 
this  act  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  shall  ascertain  and  certify  to  the  Swretary  of 
the  Treasury  as  to  ea<-h  State  and  Territory  whether  it  is  complying  with  the  \m>- 
visions  of  this  act  and  is  entitled  to  receive  its  share  of  the  annual  ai)propriation 
for  agricultural  ex])eriment  stations  under  this  a<'t  and  the  ahiount  which  thereui)on 
each  is  entitled,  resju'c lively,  to  receive.  If  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  shall 
withhold  a  certificate -from  any  Slate  or  Territory  of  its  appropriation,  the  facts  and 
reasons  therefor  shall  be  reported  to  the  President,  and  the  amount  involved  shall 
be  kept  st  j)arate  in  the  Treasury  until  the  close  of  the  next  ("ongri'ss,  in  order  that 
the  State  or  Territory  may,  if  it  shall  so  desire,  ai)peal  to  Congress  from  the  determina- 
tion of  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture.  If  the  next  Congress  shall  not  direct  such  sum 
to  be  paid,  it  shall  be  covered  into  the  Treasury;  and  the  Secretary  of  As'iirulniri! 
is  hereby  charged  with  the  proper  admiiustrution  of  this  law. 


17 

Sec.  5.  That  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  shall  make  an  annual  report  to  Con- 
gress on  the  receipts  and  expenditures  and  work  of  the  agricultural  experiment 
stations  in  all  or  the  States  and  Territories,  and  also  whether  the  appropriation  of 
any  State  or  Territory  has  been  withheld,  and  if  so,  the  reason  therefor. 

Sec.  6.  That  Congress  may  at  any  time  amend,  suspend,  or  repeal  any  or  all  of 
the  provisions  of  tliis  act. 

Approved.  March  16,  1906  (34  Stat.  L.,  63). 

PROVISIONS  OF  ACT  MAKING  APPROPRIATIONS  FOR  THE  UNITED 
STATES  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE  FOR  THE  FISCAL  YEAR 
ENDING  JUNE  30,  1907,  CONSTRUING  THE  ACT  OF  MARCH  16,  1906 
(ADAMS  ACT). 

The  act  of  Congress  approved  March  sixteenth,  nineteen  hundred  and  six,  c:.  '  .  . 
"An  act  to  provide  for  an  increased  annual  appropriation  for  agricultural  experiment 
stations  and  regulating  the  expenditure  thereof,"  shall  be  construed  to  appropriate 
for  each  station  the  sum  of  five  thousand  dollars  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June 
thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  six,  the  sum  of  seven  thousand  dollars  for  the  fiscal 
year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  seven,  the  sum  of  nine  thousand 
dollars  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  eight,  the 
sum  of  eleven  thousand  dollars  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen 
hundred  and  nine,  the  sum  of  thirteen  thousand  dollars  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June 
thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  ten,  and  the  sum  of  fifteen  thousand  dollars  for  the 
fiscal  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  eleven.  The  sum  of  five 
thousand  dollars  appropriated  for  the  fiscal  year  nineteen  hundred  and  six  shall  be 
paid  on  or  before  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  six,  and  the  amounts  appro- 
priated for  the  subsequent  years  shall  be  paid  as  provided  in  the  said  act  to  eac-' 
State  and  Territory  for  the  more  complete  endowment  and  maintenance  of  agricul- 
tural experiment  stations  now  established  or  which  may  hereafter  be  established  in 
accordance  with  the  act  of  Congress  approved  March  second,  eighteen  hundred  and 
eighty-seven. 

Approved,  June  30,  1906  (34  Stat.  L.,  669,  696). 

APPROPRIATIONS  FOR  THE  STATE  STATIONS. 

[Annual  appropriations  for  State  agricultural  experiment  stations,  in  the  act  making  appropriations  for 
the  tJnited  States  Department  of  Agriculture  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30, 1917.] 

To  carry  into  effect  the  provisions  of  an  act  approved  March  second,  eighteen 
hundred  and  eighty-seven,  entitled  "An  act  to  establish  agricultural  experiment 
stations  in  connection  with  the  colleges  established  in  the  several  States  under  the 
provisions  of  an  act  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two,  and  of 
the  acts  supplementary  thereto,"  the  sums  apportioned  to  the  several  States  and 
Territories,  to  be  paid  quarterly  in  advance,  $720,000; 

To  carry  into  effect  the  provisions  of  an  act  approved  March  sixteenth,  nineteen 
hundred  and  six,  entitled  "An  act  to  provide  for  an  increased  annual  appropriation 
for  agricultural  experiment  stations  and  regulating  the  expenditure  thereof,"  the 
sums  apportioned  to  the  several  States  and  Territories,  to  be  paid  quarterly  in  advance, 
$720,000:  Provided,  That  not  to  exceed  $15,000  shall  be  paid  to  each  State  and  Terri- 
tory under  this  act. 

58597°— 16 ^3 


18 

COOPERATION   OF   BUREAUS   OF  THE   UNITED   STATES   DEPARTMENT 
OF  AGRICULTURE  WITH  THE  STATE  EXPERIMENT  STATIONS. 

The  act  making  appropriations  for  the  United  Statos  Depart mont 
of  Agriculture  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1916,  provides  for 
cooperation  ])etween  the  Bureau  of -Animal  Industry  and  the  State 
experiment  stations  in  animal  feeding  and  breeding;  between  tlie 
Bureau  of  Pbint  Industry  and  the  stations  in  the  testing  and  breeding 
of  fd)er  plants,  including  the  testing  of  flax  straw  for  paj)er  making 
(in  cooperation  with  the  North  Dakota  Agricultural  College) ;  between 
the  Bureau  of  Sods  and  the  stations  in  the  investigation  of.  soils; 
between  the  Bureau  of  Entomology  and  tlie  stations  in  the  ])revention 
of  the  spread  of  gipsy  and  browni-tail  moths;  and  between  the  OfRco 
of  Markets  and  Rural  Organization  and  the  agricultural  colleges  and 
experiment  stations  in  studies  of  cooperation  among  farmers. 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  POST  OFFICE  DEPARTMENT  CONCERNING  FREE 
TRANSMISSION  OF  STATION  PUBLICATIONS. 

Sections  516  and  517  of  the  Postal  Laws  and  Regulations  (1902)  of 
the  United  States  relating  to  the  free  transmission  of  reports  and 
bulletins  of  the  experiment  stations  read  as  follow^s: 

TO   WHOM   PUBUCATIONS   MAY    BE    FRANKED. 

Sec.  516.  Bulletins  or  reports  of  progress,  one  copy  to  each  newspaper  in  the  State 
or  Territory  in  which  the  colleges  hereafter  referred  to  are  located,  and  to  such  indi- 
viduals actually  engaged  in  farming  as  may  request  the  same,  and  the  annual  reports 
required  by  law  to  be  published  by  the  agricultural  experiment  stations  established 
under  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  March  2,  1887,  entitled  "An  act  to  establish  agri- 
cultural experiment  stations  in  connection  with  the  colleges  established  in  the  various 
States  and  Territories  iinder  the  provisions  of  an  act  approved  July  2,  18G2,  and  the 
acts  supplementary  thereto,"  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts  (o/ 
said  stations)  shall  be  transmitted  in  the  mails  of  the  United  States  free  of  charge  for 
postage,  under  such  regulations  as  the  Postmaster  General  may  from  time  to  time 
prescribe. 

HOW  the  franking  privilege  is  to  be  rSEU. 

Sec  517.  Agricultural  experiment  stations  which  claim  the  ])rivilege  of  transmit- 
ting free  through  the  mails,  under  thi?  jtrovisions  of  the  ])rec('ding  section,  bulletins, 
reports  of  progress,  or  annual  report^?,  mu.st  make  ai)itiication  to  the  Postiiuister  (Jen- 
eml,  stating  the  date  of  the  establishment  of  such  station,  its  proi)er  name  or  designa- 
tion, its  official  organization,  and  the  names  of  its  olficcrs,  the  name  of  the  university, 
college,  school,  or  iii.stitution  to  which  it  is  attached,  if  any,  the  legislation  of  the 
State  or  Territory  jtroviding  for  its  wtablishment.  and  any  other  granting  it  the  bene- 
fits of  the  ])rovision  made  by  Congress  aw  referred  to  in  the  ])receding  section,  accoin- 
paniod  by  a  co])y  of  the  act  or  acts,  and  whether  any  other  such  station  in  the  Siime 
State  or  Territory  is  considered,  or  claims  to  be,  also  eiititliHl  to  the  i)rivilege;  and 
also  the  place  where  such  station  is  located  and  the  name  of  the  post  oHico  where  the 
bulletins  an<l  rejjorts  will  bo  mailed.  The  ai)plication  must  bo  signed  by  the  oflicer 
in  charge  of  the  station. 

2.  If  such  ai)])lication  is  allowed  by  the  Postmaster  General  the  postmaster  at  the 
proper  office  will  bo  instructed  to  admit  such  bulletins  and  rejMjrta  to  the  mails  frt>o 
of  ])ostage,  and  the  oilicer  in  charge  of  the  station  will  bo  notified  thereof. 

3.  Only  such  bulletins  or  rejiorts  as  shall  have  been  i.s.xued  after  an  experiment 
station  became  entitled  to  tho  privileges  of  the  j)receding  section  can  bo  transmittiHl 


19 

free;  and  such  bulletins  or  reports  may  be  inclosed  in  envelopes  or  wrappers,  sealed 
or  unsealed.  On  the  exterior  of  every  envelope,  wrapper,  or  package  must  be  written 
or  printed  the  name  of  the  station  and  place  of  its  location,  the  designation  of  the 
bulletin  or  report  inclosed,  and  the  word  "Free"  over  the  signature  or  facsimile 
thereof  of  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  station,  to  be  affixed  by  himself,  or  by  some  one 
duly  authorized  by  him.  There  may  also  be  written  or  printed  upon  the  envelope 
or  wrapper  a  request  that  the  postmaster  at  the  office  of  delivery  will  notify  tlie 
mailing  station  of  the  change  of  address  of  the  addressee,  or  other  reason  for  ina- 
bility to  deliver  the  same,  and  upon  a  bulk  package  a  request  to  the  postmaster  to 
open  and  distribute  the  "franked"  matter  therein,  in  accordance  with  the  addresses 
thereon. 

DEPARTMENT   OP  AGRICULTURE   BULLETINS   MAY   BE   FRANKED   WITH   STATION 

PUBLICATIONS. 

4.  Bulletins  published  by  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture,  and 
entitled  to  be  mailed  free  under  the  penalty  envelope  of  that  department,  may  also 
be  adopted  and  mailed  by  agricultural  experiment  stations,  with  such  of  their  own 
publications  as  are  entitled  to  free  transmission  in  the  mails,  under  the  same  regula- 
tions; and  any  bulletins  or  reports  mailable  free  by  any  agricultural  experiment 
station  under  these  regulations  may  be  so  mailed  by  any  other  station  entitled  to 
such  privilege. 

REPORTS  OF  STATE  BOARDS  OR  DEPARTMENTS  OF  AGRICULTURE  MAY  NOT  BE  FRANKED. 

5.  If  annual  reports  of  an  agricultural  experiment  station  are  printed  by  State 
authority,  and  consist  in  part  of  matter  relating  to  the  land-grant  college  to  which 
such  station  is  attached,  then  said  report  entire  may  be  mailed  free  by  the  director 
of  the  station,  provided,  in  his  judgment,  the  whole  consists  of  useful  information  of 
an  agricultural  character.  But  the  reports  of  State  agricultural  departments  or 
boards  can  not  be  adopted  by  agricultural  experiment  stations  in  order  to  secure 
free  circulation  of  such  State  reports. 

FREE   DISTRIBUTION   OP   ANNUAL   REPORTS   NOT   RESTRICTED. 

6.  The  bulletins  and  reports  of  progress  issued  by  agricultural  experiment  stations 
caii  only  be  sent  free  to  the  newspapers  and  persons  stated  in  the  preceding  section. 
The  annual  reports  may  be  sent  free  to  any  address. 

FREE  TRANSMISSION    OF  ANNUAL   REPORTS  TO   FOREIGN   COUNTRIES. 

A  part  of  section  544,  relating  to  free  transmission  of  annual 
reports  to  certain  foreign  countries,  reads  as  follows: 

The  annual  reports  of  agricultural  experiment  stations  may  be  sent  free  to  Canada, 
Cuba,  and  Mexico. 

RETURN    AND    DISPOSAL    OF    UNCLAIMED   MATTER. 

A  part  of  section  672,  relating  to  the  return  and  disposal  of 
unclaimed  official  matter,  as  amended  April  26,  1912,  reads  as 
f  oUows : 

Unclaimed  official  mail  sent  under  penalty  envelope  or  label  or  the  frank  of  a 
Member  of  Congress  and  unclaimed  reports  and  bulletins  sent  out  from  State  agri- 
cultural colleges  and  from  agricultural  experiment  stations  will  be  returned  to  the 
office  of  mailing  if  it  is  known.  If  the  office  of  origin  can  not  be  ascertained,  such 
mail  will  be  returned  to  the  post  office  at  Washington,  D.  C. 


20 

FREE  TRANSMISSION  TO   UNITED  STATES   POSSESSIONS. 

An  order  of  the  Postmaster  General  provides — 

Any  article  entitled  to  transmission  free  of  postage  in  the  domestic  mails  of  the 
United  States,  either  in  a  "penalty"  envelope  or  under  a  duly  authorized  "frank," 
shall  be  entitled  likewise  to  transmission  in  the  mails  free  of  postage  between  ])Iace8 
in  any  possession  of  the  United  States  from  one  to  another  of  such  possessions,  from 
the  United  States  to  such  possession,  and  from  such  possession  to  the  United  States. 

POSTAL  CARDS   MAY   BE   SENT   FREE    WITH   BULLETINS. 

Among  rulings  on  matters  of  detail  the  following  are  the  most 
important: 

In  sending  out  bulletins  from  an  agricultural  experiment  station  it  is  permissible 
to  inclose  postal  cards  to  enable  correspondents  of  the  station  to  acknowledge  the 
receipt  of  its  publications  and  to  request  their  continuous  transmission. 

PAID-FOR   PUBLICATIONS   MAY  NOT   BE   FRANKED.  " 

Copies  of  the  reports  or  bulletins  of  the  agricultural  experiment  stations,  which 
are  purchased,  paid,  or  subscribed  for,  or  otherwise  disposed  of  for  gain,  when  sent 
in  the  mails,  are  not  entitled  to  free  carriage  under  the  "frank"  of  the  director  of 
station. 

TYPEWRITTEN  OR  MECHANICALLY  DUPLICATED  BULLETINS  OR  REPORTS  MAY  BE  FRANKED. 

Station  bulletins  and  reports.  con.<nsting  of  typewritten  matter  duplicated  on  a 
mimeograph  or  other  duplicating  machine,  "retain  their  character  as  free  matter 
when  properly  franked  by  the  director  of  the  station." 

HOW  CARD   BULLETINS   MAY   BE   FRANKED. 

Cards  upon  which  are  printed  bulletins  issued  by  agricultural  experiment  stations 
established  under  the  provisions  of  the  art  of  March  2,  1887,  may  be  sent  openly  in 
the  mails,  free  of  postage,  provided  the  address  side  of  such  cards  bears  the  indicia 
prescribed  in  paragraph  3,  section  517,  Postal  Ijaws  and  Ilegulations.  for  envelopes 
ased  by  the  experiment  stations  referred  to  in  mailing  copies  of  their  bulletins  and 
reports. 

REPORTS  OF  STATE   BOARD.S  AND  DEPARTMENTS  OP  AGRICULTURE  A.VD  COLLEGE  CATA- 
LOGUES  MAY   NOT   BE   SENT   UNDER   .STATION    FRANK. 

Reports  of  the  State  boards  of  agriculture  or  other  State*  br)ards,  commissioners,  or 
officers,  even  thougl)  they  contain  station  bulletins  and  reports,  can  not  bo  sent  free 
through  tlie  mails  under  th"  frank  of  tlie  director  of  the  st;xtion.  The  catalogue  of  the 
college  of  which  the;  station  is  a  dep.irtment  can  not  l)e  sent  free  tluough  the  mails 
under  the  frank  of  the  director  of  the  station,  whether  said  catalogue  is  published 
separately  or  is  bound  together  with  a  sUition  publication. 

RULINGS  OF  THE  TREASURY  DEPARTMENT  AFFECTING  AGRICULTURAL 
EXPERIMENT  ST.'VTIONS. 

From  copies  of  Ictiors  addressed  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
and  others  by  the  First  CoinptroUcr  of  the  Treasury,  relating  to  tlie 
construction  of  the  acts  of  Congress  of  March  2,  1SS7  (Hatch  Act), 


21 

and  March  16,  1906  (Adams  Act),  and  acts  supplementary  thereto, 
the  following  digest  has  been  prepared.  The  dates  of  the  decisions 
by  the  comptroller  are  given: 

ANNUAL   FINANCIAL   STATEMENT. 

The  annual  financial  statement  of  the  stations,  with  vouchers,  should  not  be  sent 
to  the  Treasury  Department,  but  a  copy  simply  of  the  report  that  is  made  to  the 
governor  is  to  be  sent  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury.     January  30,  1888. 

REQUIREMENTS    OP   FISCAL   OFFICERS. 

1.  The  Treasiiry  Department  will  not  require  officers  of  experiment  stations  to  do 
or  perform  anything  not  specifically  required  by  said  bill. 

2.  The  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  is  not  required  to  take  a  bond  of  the  ofiicers  of 
said  stations  for  the  money  paid  over  under  the  provisions  of  said  act. 

3.  No  reports  will  be  required  from  the  stations  directly  to  the  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury;  but  the  governor  of  the  State  must  send  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
a  copy  of  the  report  made  to  him  by  the  colleges  or  stations.     January  31,  1888. 

SALE    OP   STATION    BULLETINS. 

The  Solicitor  of  the  Treasury  writes:  "I  am  of  the  opinion  that  there  is  no  authority 
for  an  agricultural  experiment  station  to  sell  its  bulletins  outside  of  the  State  or  Terri- 
tory. Congress  appropriates  for  the  publication  and  free  distribution  of  the  bulletins 
and  neither  expressly  nor  by  necessary  implication  authorizes  their  sale. ' '  December 
16,  1895. 

ANTICIPATION    OF   FIRST    QUARTER   PAYMENTS. 

The  fiscal  year  commences  on  the  1st  day  of  July,  corresponding  with  the  fiscal 
year  of  the  Government. 

An  agricultural  station  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  *  *  *  appropriations  made  by 
Congress^  can  anticipate  the  payment  to  be  made  July  1,  and  make  contracts  of  pur- 
chases prior  to  that  time,  if  it  shall  be  necessary  to  carry  on  the  work  of  the  station. 
Of  course,  no  portion  of  said  appropriations  paid  in  quarterly  installments  can  be 
drawn  from  the  Treasury  unless  needed  for  the  purposes  indicated  in  the  act;  and  so 
much  of  what  is  so  drawn  as  may  not  have  been  expended  within  the  year  must  be 
accoxmted  for  as  part  of  the  appropriation  for  the  following  year.     August  2,  1888. 

ESTABLISHMENT   OF   INDEPENDENT   STATIONS. 

The  [Hatch]  Act  contemplates  that  where  stations  have  already  been  established 
disconnected  from  the  colleges  the  legislatures  of  such  States  may  make  such  pro- 
visions in  regard  thereto  as  they  may  deem  proper;  but  it  does  not  authorize  the 
establislunent  of  stations  except  in  connection  with  the  colleges  that  were  at  that  time 
or  might  hereafter  be  established  under  the  act  of  July  2,  1862.     January  30,  1888. 

DIVISION    OF   FUNDS    BETWEEN    STATIONS   ALREADY    ESTABLISHED. 

"VMiere  there  is  an  agricultural  college  or  station  which  may  have  been  established 
by  State  authority  and  is  maintained  by  the  State,  the  eighth  section  of  the  above  act 
would  authorize  the  State  to jdesignate  the  station  to  which  it  desired  the  appropriation 
to  be  applied,  whether  to  one  or  more,  or  all,  and  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  should 
make  the  payment  under  the  appropriation  to  whiche'ver  one  the  State  might  desire. 
February  14,  1888. 


22 

DESIGNATION    OF    BENEFICIARIES   OF  THE    HATCH    FUND    BY   STATE    LEGISLATURES. 

1.  \Mien  an  agricultural  college  or  station  has  been  established  under  the  act  of 
July  2, 1862,  each  college  is  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  the  pro\  isions  of  said  act  (i.  e. ,  of 
Mar.  2,  1887). 

2.  In  a  State  where  an  agricultural  college  has  been  established  under  the  act  of 
July  2,  18(52,  and  agricultural  stations  have  also  been  established,  either  under  the 
act  of  July  2,  1862,  or  by  State  authority,  before  March  2,  1887,  the  legislature  of 
such  State  shall  determine  which  one  of  said  institutions,  or  how  many  of  them, 
sliall  receiv  e  the  benfits  of  the  act  of  March  2,  1887. 

3.  If  the  legislature  of  any  State  in  which  an  agricultural  college  has  been  estab- 
lished under  the  act  of  July  2,  1862,  desires  to  establish  an  agricultural  station  whifh 
sliall  be  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  said  act.  it  must  establish  such  station  in  connection 
with  said  college.     February  15,  1888. 

It  is  within  the  power  of  the  legislature  of  any  State  that  has  accepted  the  provi- 
sions of  said  act  of  March  2,  1887,  to  dispose  of  the  amount  appropriated  by  Congress 
for  8:iid  station  to  each  one  or  all  of  the  agricultural  colleges  or  stations  which  may 
liave  been  established  in  said  State  by  virtue  of  either  the  pro^-isions  of  the  act  of 
July  2,  1862,  or  the  provisions  of  said  eighth  section  of  the  act  of  March  2,  1887. 

The  whole  responsiV)ility  rests  upon  the  State  legislature  as  to  how  the  fund  appro- 
priated by  Congress  shall  be  distributed  among  these  various  institutions  of  the  State, 
provided  there  is  one  or  more  agricultural  colleges  with  which  an  agricultural  station 
is  connected  or  one  or  more  agricultural  stations.     December  7,  1888. 

RULINGS  OF  THE  COMPTROLLER  OF  THE  TREASURY  REGARDING  UN- 
EXPENDED BALANCES  OF  APPROPRIATIONS,  HATCH  AND  ADAMS 
ACTS. 

Section  3  of  the  so-called  Adams  Act  of  March  16,  1906  (34  Stat..  63).  which  pro- 
vides for  an  increased  annual  appropriation  for  agricultural  experiment  stations,  re- 
quires that  such  part  of  the  money  appropriated  under  the  provisions  of  said  act  as 
may  be  diminished  or  lost  or  misapplied  after  being  received  by  the  officer  of  the 
State  or  Territory  designated  to  receive  same  must  "be  replaced  by  said  State  or 
Territory  to  which  it  belongs,  and  imtil  so  replaced  no  subsequent  appropriation  shall 
be  apportioned  or  paid  to  such  State  or  Territory  ";  and  this  requirement  is  an  abso- 
lute prohil)ition  upon  the  apportionment  until  such  replacement  is  actually  made,  a 
mere;  withholding  from  the  sub.sequent  appropriation  of  an  amount  equal  to  that 
diminiMhed,  lost,  or  misapplied  not  being  a  compliance  with  said  statute.  (18  Comp. 
Dec,  120.) 

Such  funds  may  bo  replaced  ])y  expondino;  tho  amount  involved 
for  tho  purpos(W  for  which  tho  funds  wcro  ori^iiudly  appropriated, 
to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture.  There  is  "no 
limitation  on  time  within  which  the  replacement  shall  ho  made," 
but  "no  apportionment  whatever  can  bo  made  until  tho  misapphed 
moneys  arc  replaced." 

The  provi.«ion  in  the  Hatch  Act  of  March  2,  1887  (24  Stat.,  440),  requiring  tho  deduc- 
tion of  unexpcudwl  apixtrtionincuts  of  aj)pr<ipriation8  applies  atso  to  appropriations 
under  the  Adams  Act  of  March  16,  1906  (34  Stat.,  63).    (18  Comp.  Dec,  485.) 

Sucli  ime.\p<'nded  balances  must  ])o  a<'counted  for  as  a  part  of  tho 
appropriation  for  the  next  snccee(nn<;  year;  in  short,  each  station 
must  account  every  year  for  (ho  specific  sum  (Sir>,000)  provided  1)y 


23 

Congress,  although  the  amount  actually  paid  to  the  station  in  any 
one  year  may  be  less  than  $15,000  on  account  of  the  deduction  of  an 
unexpended  balance  for  the  preceding  fiscal  year. 

RULINGS  OF  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE  ON  THE  WORK  AND 
EXPENDITURES  OF  AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATIONS. 

In  connection  with  examinations  of  the  work  and  expenditures  of 
the  agricultural  experiment  stations  established  in  accordance  with 
the  act  of  Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  and  further  endowed  under  act 
of  Congress  of  Marcii  16,  1906,  under  authority  given  to  the  Secretary 
of  Agriculture  by  Congress,  questions  have  arisen  wliich  have  seemed 
to  make  it  advisable  to  formulate  the  views  of  this  department  on 
certain  matters  affecting  the  management  of  the  stations  under  those 
acts.  The  rulings  which  have  been  made  from  time  to  time  on  points 
which  seemed  to  require  special  attention  are  as  follows : 

PERMANENT   SUBSTATIONS. 

This  department  holds  that  the  expenditure  of  funds  appropriated  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  for  the  maintenance  of 
permanent  substations  is  contrary  to  the  spirit  and  intent  of  said  act.  The  act  pro- 
vides for  an  experiment  station  in  each  State  and  Territory,  which,  except  in  cases 
specified  in  the  act,  is  to  be  a  department  of  the  college  established  under  the  act  of 
Congress  of  July  2,  1862.  The  objects  of  the  stations,  as  defined  in  the  first-mentioned 
act,  are  eAddently  of  such  a  character  as  to  necessitate  the  services  of  scientific  and 
expert  workers.  Most  of  the  lines  of  investigation  named  in  the  act  are  general, 
rather  than  local,  and  involve  scientific  equipment  and  work.  It  is  obviously  the 
intent  that  the  stations  established  under  this  act  shall  carry  on  important  investi- 
gations which  shall  be  of  general  benefit  to  the  agriculture  of  the  several  States  and 
Territories.  The  sum  of  $15,000,  which  is  annually  appropriated  by  Congress  under 
this  act  for  each  station,  is  only  suflicient  to  carry  out  a  limited  number  of  investiga- 
tions of  the  kind  contemplated  by  the  act. 

As  the  work  of  the  stations  in  the  different  States  has  developed  it  has  been  foimd 
necessary  to  limit,  rather  than  expand,  the  lines  of  work  of  the  individual  stations. 
Thorough  work  in  a  few  lines  has  been  found  more  effective  and  productive  of  more 
useful  results  than  small  investigations  in  numerous  lines.  WTien  we  consider  the 
natiu-e  of  the  investigations,  the  amount  of  money  provided  for  the  work  of  each  sta- 
tion, and  the  fact  that  the  act  expressly  provides  for  only  a  single  station  in  connec- 
tion with  each  college,  it  becomes  very  clear  that  expenditures  such  as  are  necessary 
to  effectually  maintain  permanent  substations  ought  not  to  be  made  from  the  funds 
granted  by  Congress  to  the  States  and  Territories  for  experiment  stations.  The  mainte- 
nance of  permanent  substations,  as  a  rule,  involves  the  erection  of  buildings  and  the 
making  of  other  permanent  improvements.  The  sums  of  money  which  can  be  ex- 
pended for  permanent  improvements  under  the  act  of  Congress  aforesaid  are  so  small 
that  it  is  clear  they  were  not  intended  to  meet  the  needs  of  more  than  one  station  in 
each  State  and  Territory. 

\\Tien  the  legislature  of  a  State  or  Territory  has  given  its  assent  to  the  provisions 
of  the.  act  of  Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  and  has  designated  the  institution  which  shall 
receive  the  benefits  of  said  act,  it  would  seem  to  have  exhausted  its  powers  In  the  mat- 
ter. The  responsibility  for  the  maintenance  of  an  experiment  station  iinder  said  act 
devolves  upon  the  governing  board  of  the  institution  thus  designated.  If  the  legis- 
lature of  the  State  or  Territory  sees  fit  to  pro^■ide  funds  for  the  equipment  and  mainte- 


24 

nance  of  other  experiment  stations  and  to  put  them  under  the  control  of  the  same 
governing  V>oard,  well  and  good,  hut  this  does  not  in  any  way  diminish  the  respon- 
sibility of  tho  hoard  to  administer  the  funds  granted  by  Congress  in  accordance  with  the 
provisions  of  said  act. 

The  wistlom  of  Congress  in  limiting  the  number  of  stations  to  be  established  in  each 
State  and  Territory  under  the  aforesaid  act  has  been  clearly  shown  by  the  exf>eri- 
ence  of  the  few  States  and  Territories  which  have  attempted  the  maintenance  of 
substations  with  the  funds  granted  under  said  act.  The  expense  of  maintaining  sub- 
stations has,  as  a  rule,  materially  weakened  the  central  station,  and  the  investigations 
carried  on  at  the  substations  have  been  superficial  and  temjwrary.  It  is  granted  that 
in  many  States  and  Territories  more  than  one  agricultural  experiment  station  might 
do  ust?ful  work,  and  in  some  States  more  than  one  station  has  alrea<^ly  been  successfully 
maintained;  but  in  all  these  cases  the  State  has  given  funds  from  its  own  treasurj'  to 
supplement  those  given  by  Congress.  It  is  also  granted  that  experiment  stations 
estahlLshed  under  said  act  of  Congress  and  ha\-ing  no  other  funds  than  those  pro\-ided 
by  that  act  will  often  need  to  carry  on  investigations  in  different  localities  in  their 
respective  States  and  Territories,  but  it  is  held  that  this  should  be  done  in  such  a  way 
as  will  secure  the  thorough  supervision  of  such  investigations  by  the  expert  officers  of 
the  station  and  that  arrangements  for  such  experimental  inquiries  should  not  be  of  so 
permanent  a  character  as  to  prevent  the  station  from  shifting  its  work  from  place  to 
place  as  circumstances  may  require  nor  involve  the  expenditure  of  funds  in  such 
amounts  and  in  such  ways  as  will  weaken  the  work  of  the  station  as  a  whole. 

As  far  as  practicable  the  cooperation  of  indi\-iduals  and  communities  benefited  by 
these  special  investigations  should  be  sought  and,  if  necessary,  the  aid  of  the  States 
invoked  to  carry  on  enterprises  too  great  to  be  successfully  conducted  witliin  the 
limits  of  the  appropriation  granted  by  Congress  under  the  act  aforesaid. 

PURCHASE   OR  RENTAL  OF  LANDS  FOR  AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATIONS. 

This  department  holds  that  the  purchase  or  rental  of  lands  by  the  experiment 
stations  from  the  funds  appropriated  in  accordance  with  the  proAisions  of  the  act  of 
Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  is  contrary  to  the  spirit  and  intent  of  said  act.  The  act 
provides  for  "paying  the  necessary  expenses  of  conducting  investigations  and  experi- 
ments and  printing  and  distributing  the  results.  *  *  *  Provided,  however,  That 
out  of  the  first  annual  appropriation  so  received  by  any  station  an  amount  not  exceed- 
ing one-fifth  may  be  expended  in  the  erection,  enlai^ement,  or  repair  of  a  building  or 
buildings  neceasary  for  carrying  on  the  work  of  such  stations;  and  thereafter  an  amount 
not  exceetling  five  per  centum  of  such  aimual  aj)propriation  may  be  so  expended." 
The  oidy  rcfcrcnct;  to  land  for  the  station  in  the  act  is  in  section  8,  where  State  legisla- 
tures arc  authorized  to  aj)ply  appropriations  made  under  said  act  to  separate  agri- 
cultural colleges  or  schools  cstiil)lished  by  the  State  "which  shall  have  connected 
therewith  an  experimental  farm  or  station."  The  strict  limitation  of  the  amount 
provided  for  buildings  and  the  al)seiice  of  any  provision  for  the  purchase  or  rental  of 
lands,  when  taken  in  connection  with  the  statement  in  the  eighth  section,  which  treats 
the  farm  as  in  a  sense  a  necessary  adjunct  of  tho  (iducation'al  institution  to  which  the 
whole  or  a  j)art  of  the  funds  ap])ropriat<'d  in  accordance  with  said  act  might  in  certain 
Cixses  be  devoted,  jxiint  to  the  conclusion  that  it  was  expected  that  the  institution  of 
which  the  station  is  a  de])artm('nt  would  supi)ly  the  land  needed  for  experimental 
|)wrj)OHeH  and  that  charges  for  the  j)unli;u<e  or  rental  of  lands  would  not  be  made  against 
the  funds  ])rovided  by  Congress  for  the  experiment  station.  This  conclusion  is  reen- 
forced  by  a  con.sidenition  of  a  wise  and  «'coiioniic  j)oIicy  in  the  management  of  agricul- 
tural experiment  stations,  espeeially  iis  relating  to  ciuH'sin  which  it  might  l)e  desiml>!e 
for  the  station  to  have  land  for  experimental  j)uriKiseH  in  diff«'n'iit  localities.  Tho 
investigations  carried  on  by  tho  stations  in  such  cast»s  being  for  the  direct  benefit  of 
agricidture  in  the  localities  where  the  work  is  done,  it  seems  only  reasonable  that 


25 

persons  or  communities  whose  interests  will  be  advanced  by  the  station  work  should 
contribute  the  use  of  the  small  tracts  of  land  which  will  be  required  for  experimental 
purposes.  Experience  shows  that  in  most  cases  the  stations  have  had  no  difficulty 
in  securing  such  land  as  they  needed  without  expense,  and  it  is  believed  that  this  may 
be  done  in  every  case  without  injuriously  affecting  the  interests  of  the  stations. 

AGRICULTURAL   EXPERIMENT   STATIONS   FOR   CARRYING   ON   FARM    OPERATIONS. 

This  department  holds  that  expenses  incurred  in  conducting  the  operations  of 
farms,  whether  the  farms  are  connected  with  institutions  established  under  the  act  of 
Congress  of  July  2,  1862,  or  not,  are  not  a  proper  charge  against  the  funds  appropriated 
by  Congress  for  agricultural  experiment  stations  in  accordance  with  the  act  of  Congress 
of  March  2,  1887,  unless  such  operations  definitely  constitute  a  part  of  agricultural 
investigations  or  experiments  planned  and  conducted  in  accordance  with  the  terms 
of  the  act  aforesaid,  under  rules  and  regulations  prescribed  by  the  gOA-erning  board 
of  the  station.  The  performance  of  ordinary  farm  operations  by  an  experiment  station 
does  not  constitute  experimental  work.  Operations  of  this  character  by  an  experiment 
station  should  be  confined  to  such  as  are  a  necessary  part  of  experimental  inquiries. 
Carrying  on  a  farm  for  profit  or  as  a  model  farm,  or  to  secure  funds  which  may  be  after- 
wards devoted  to  the  erection  of  buildings  for  experiment  station  purposes,  to  the 
further  development  of  experimental  investigation,  or  to  any  other  purpose,  however 
laudable  and  desirable,  is  not  contemplated  by  the  law  as  a  part  of  the  functions  of 
an  agricultural  experiment  station  established  under  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  2, 
1887.*  Section  5  of  that  act  plainly  limits  the  expenditures  of  funds  appropriated  in 
accordance  with  said  act  to  ' '  the  necessary  expenses  of  conducting  investigations  and 
■experiments  and  printing  and  distributing  the  results." 

SALES   FUNDS   OF  AN   AGRICULTURAL   EXPERIMENT   STATION. 

This  department  holds  that  moneys  received  from  the  sales  of  farm  products  or  other 
property  in  the  possession  of  an  agi-icultural  experiment  station  as  the  result  of  expendi- 
tures of  funds  received  by  the  station  in  accordance  with  the  act  of  Congress  of  March 
2,  1887,  rightfully  belong  to  the  experiment  station  as  a  department  of  the  college  or 
other  institution  with  which  it  is  connected,  and  may  be  expended  in  accordance  with 
the  laws  or  regulations  governing  the  financial  transactions  of  the  governing  board  of 
the  station,  provided,  however,  that  all  expenses  attending  such  sales,  including 
those  attending  the  delivery  of  the  property  into  the  possession  of  the  purchaser, 
should  be  deducted  from  the  gross  receipts  from  the  sales  and  should  not  be  made  a 
charge  against  the  funds  appropriated  by  Congress. 

LIMIT   OF   EXPENDITURES   OP   EXPERIMENT   STATIONS   DURING   ONE   FISCAL   YEAR. 

This  department  holds  that  expenses  incurred  by  an  agricultural  experiment 
station  in  any  one  fiscal  year  to  be  paid  from  the  funds  provided  under  the  art  of 
Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  should  not  exceed  the  amount  appropriated  to  the  station 
by  Congress  for  that  year,  and  especially  that  all  personal  services  should  be  paid  for 
out  of  the  appropriation  of  the  year  in  which  they  were  performed,  and  that  claims 
for  compensation  for  such  services  can  not  properly  be  paid  out  of  the  appropriations 
for  succeeding  years.  The  several  appropriations  for  experiment  stations  under  the 
aforesaid  act  are  for  one  year  only,  and  officers  of  experiment  stations  have  no  authorit  y 
to  contract  for  expenditures  beyond  the  year  for  which  Congress  has  made  appropria- 
tions. 

This  is  plainly  implied  in  the  act  aforesaid,  inasmuch  as  section  6  provides  that 
unexpended  balances  shall  revert  to  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States,  "in  order  that 
the  amount  of  money  appropriated  to  any  station  shall  not  exceed  the  amount  actually 
and  necessarily  required  for  its  maintenance  and  support."  The  annual  financial 
report  rendered  in  the  form  prescribed  by  this  department  should  in  every  case  include 
only  the  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  fiscal  year  for  which  the  report  is  made. 


26 

EXPENDITURES    FOR    A     WATER    SYSTEM    TO     BE    CHARGED    UNDER    "BUILDINGS    AND 

REPAIRS." 

This  department  liolds  that  expenditures  by  agricultural  experiment  stations  from 
the  funds  appropriated  in  accordance  \\-ith  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  for 
the  construction  of  wells,  cisterns,  ponds,  or  other  reservoirs  for  the  storage  of  water, 
and  for  piping,  and  other  materials  for  a  system  of  storing  and  distributing  water,  are 
properly  charged,  under  abstract  18  in  the  schedule  for  financial  reports  pre^cribini 
Ijy  this  department,  as  being  for  improvements  on  lands  which  have  hitherto  lieen 
held  to  come  under  the  head  of  "buildings  and  repairs. "  The  fact  that  a  water  system 
may  be  a  necessary  adjunct  of  certain  experimental  inf}uirie.s  does  not  affect  the  ca.'^e, 
inasmuch  as  the  limitations  on  expenditures  for  improvements  contained  in  section  5 
of  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  expressly  stipulate  that  these  improvements 
shall  be  such  as  are  necessary  for  carrying  on  the  work  of  the  station. 

MEMBERSHIP   FEES   IN   AGRICULTURAL  AND   OTHER   ORGANIZATIONS. 

This  department  holds  that  membership  fees  in  associations  and  other  organiza- 
tions are  not  a  proper  charge  against  the  funds  appropriated  by  Congress  in  accordance 
with  the  act  of  March  2,  1887,  except  in  the  case  of  the  Association  of  American  Agri- 
cultural Colleges  and  Experiment  Stations,  which  is  held  to  be  an  essential  part  of 
the  system  of  experiment  stations  established  under  said  act. 

THE   BORROWING   OF  MONEY   BY  AGRICULTURAL   EXPERIMENT   STATIONS. 

This  department  holds  that  experiment  station  officers  have  no  authority  to  borrow 
money  to  be  repaid  out  of  appropriations  made  under  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  2, 
1887,  and  that  charges  for  interest  can  not  properly  be  made  against  funds  appropriated 
under  that  act. 

THE    USE   OF   EXPERIMENT   STATION   FUNDS   FOR   COLLEGE    PURPOSES. 

This  department  holds  that  no  portion  of  the  funds  appropriated  by  Congress  in 
accordance  with  the  act  of  March  2,  1887,  can  legally  be  used,  either  directly  or 
indirectly,  for  paying  the  salaries  or  wages  of  professors,  teachers,  or  other  persons 
whose  duties  are  confined  to  teaching,  administration,  or  other  work  in  connection 
with  the  courses  of  instruction  given  in  the  colleges  with  which  the  stations  are  con- 
nected or  in  any  other  educational  institution;  nor  should  any  other  expenses  con- 
nected with  the  work  or  facilities  for  instruction  in  school  or  college  courses  be  paid 
from  said  fund .  In  case  the  same  persons  are  employed  in  both  the  experiment  station 
aii<l  the  other  departments  of  the  college  with  which  th*;  station  is  connected  a  fair 
and  equitable  division  of  salaries  or  wages  should  l)e  made,  and  in  case  of  any  other 
expenditures  for  the  joint  Ijcnelit  of  the  experiment  statii)n  and  the  other  departments 
of  the  college  the  aforesaid  funds  should  be  charged  with  only  a  fair  share  of  such 
expenditures. 

EXPENSES   FOR   EXTENSION    WORK    NOT  CHARGEABLE  TO  THE   HATCH   FUND. 
[Kxtrai:t  from  circular  letter  of  the  Dlrwlor  of  the  OUlco  of  Exporimont  Stations  of  Feb.  2.1,  1000.) 

Expenses  for  extension  work  should  not  be  charged  against  the  Hatch  fund,  and 
*  *  *  only  such  printing  should  be  done  with  that  fund  as  will  record  the 
experimental  work  of  the  stations  established  under  th^  Hati'h  Act.     *     *     ♦ 

ACCOUNTING   AND    USES   OF  THE    ADAMS   FUND. 

[Extract  from  circular  letter  of  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  of  Mar.  'M,  I'.Nitl.] 

Under  the  terius  of  the  act  it  will  Ix'  neceH.sary  that  a  neparate  account  of  tho  Adams 
fund  shall  be  kept  at  each  station,  wliich  should  be  open  at  all  times  to  the  inspoction 


27 

of  the  Director  of  the  Office  of  Experiment  Stations  or  his  accredited   representa- 
tive.    *    *    * 

The  Adams  fund  is  "to  be  applied  only  to  paying  the  necessary  expenses  of  con- 
ducting original  researches  or  experiments  bearing  directly  on  the  agricultural  indus- 
try of  the  United  States."  It  is  for  the  "more  complete  endowment  and  mainte- 
nance" of  the  experiment  stations,  presupposing  the  provision  of  a  working  plant 
and  administrative  officers.  Accordingly,  expenses  for  administration,  care  of  build- 
ings and  gi'ounds,  insurance,  office  furniture  and  fittings,  general  maintenance  of  the 
station  farm  and  animals,  verification  and  demonstration  experiments,  compilations, 
farmers'  institute  work,  traveling,  except  as  is  immediately  connected  with  original 
researches  in  progress  under  this  act,  and  other  general  expenses  for  the  maintenance 
of  the  experiment  stations,  are  not  to  be  charged  to  this  fund.  The  act  makes  no 
provision  for  printing  or  for  the  distribution  of  publications,  which  should  be  charged 
to  other  funds.     *    *    * 

CLASSIFICATION  OF  ACCOUNTS. 

In  accordance  with  the  requirement  that  the  Secretary  of  Agricul- 
ture shall  prescribe  the  form  of  the  annual  financial  statement 
required  under  the  Hatch  and  Adams  Acts,  forms  are  issued  by  the 
Office  of  Experiment  Stations-  which  provide  for  the  classification  of 
station  accounts  under  18  ledger  headings,  as  follows: 

(1)  Salaries — administrative,  technical,  and  clerical. 

(2)  Labor,  regular  and  temporary,  in  connection  with  experiments. 

(3)  Publications,  printing,  illustration,  envelopes  for  mailing,  etc. 

(4)  Postage  and  stationery,  including  means  of  communication,  such  as  telephone, 

telegraph,  and  c^ble  service;  and  stationery  for  office  and  record  purposes, 
forms,  index  cards,  etc. 

(5)  Freight  and  express,  including  drayage  or  other  charges  for  handling  freight. 

(6)  Heat,  light,  water,  and  poiuer. 

(7)  Chemicals  and  laboratory  supplies  for  all  departments  of  the  station,  not  including 

apparatus  of  permanent  character. 

(8)  Seeds,   plants,    and  sundry   supplies   not   otherwise   provided   for,    for   various 

departments. 

(9)  Fertilizers,  including  water  for  irrigation. 

(10)  Feeding  stuffs  for  work  animals  and  those  under  experiment. 

(11)  Library — ^books,  periodicals,  and  binding,  but-not  including  equipment  or  general 

supplies. 

(12)  Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances,  such  as  agricultural  implements  and  machines, 

motors,  mills,  pumps,  vehicles,  harness,  and  small  movable  structures  like 
animal  cages,  brooders,  or  shelters,  including  repairs  to  same. 

(13)  Furniture  and  fixtures  for  .offices  and  laboratories — desks,  cases,  typewritei-s,  and 

office  appliances. 

(14)  Scientific  apparatus  and  specimens,  including  mounted  insects,  fungi,  etc. 

(15)  Live  stock,  including  purchase  of  animals  of  all  kinds  for  work  or  experimental 

purposes,  but  not  their  feeding  and  care. 

(16)  Traveling  expenses  in  supervision  of  station  work  or  in  connection  with  it. 

(17)  Contingent  expenses,  to  be  itemized  in  detail. 

(18)  Buildings  and  land,  including  all  expenses  for  labor  and  material  for  the  erec- 

tion, alteration,  and  repair  of  buildings,  permanent  structures  built  in  place, 
purchase  of  permanent  fixtures  forming  part  of  a  building,  purchase  or  rental 
of  land  (under  Adams  fund  only),  and  improvements  on  land,  such  as  roads,, 
fences,  drainage  or  water  systems,  etc. 


28 

REQUIREMENTS  OF  EXPERIMENT  STATION  ACCOlTsTING. 

[Se«  circular  letter  of  the  Director  of  the  Office  of  Experiment  Stations  of  Mar.  1,  1911] 

Th«>  principle  which  should  ^ide  ia  that  all  expcndituros  from  the  Hatch  fund 
must  be  for  experimental  work  and  publications,  and  all  expenditures  from  the 
Adams  fund  for  the  projects  agreed  upon  in  advance  with  the  Office  of  Experiment 
Stations. 

In  adjusting  the  salaries  of  station  employees  only  such  portion  of  their  time  as  is 
occupied  in  connection  with  experimental  work  and  the  publication  of  the  results 
thertH)f,  including  correspondence  directly  relating  to  the  experimental  work,  should 
be  charged  to  the  Federal  funds  for  the  station.  All  business  and  corre.«»pondence 
connected  with  the  college,  inspection  service,  and  extension  department  or  bureau 
of  information  should  be  paid  for  from  other  funds. 

The  same  principle  should  be  applied  to  all  other  expenditures  from  these  funds 
for  the  maintenance  of  the  station. 

The  Adams  fund  expenditures  for  salaries,  labor,  travel,  apparatu.''.  books,  and 
maintenance  should  be  strictly  confined  to  those  necessitated  by  the  projects  on 
file  which  have  been  approved  by  this  office.  Each  voucher  should  be  indorsed  with 
the  title  of  the  project  for  which  the  expenditure  was  incurred,  and  be  O.  K'd  by 
the  officer  in  immediate  charge  of  the  project,  as  well  as  by  the  director. 

Separate  accounts  should  be  kept  for  the  Hatch,  Adams,  and  sales  funds,  and  as 
far  as  practicable  separate  vouchers  should  be  on  file  for  each  of  these  funds. 

The  sales  funds  should  be  used  only  for  experiment  station  work  and  publications 
and  not  for  inspection  or  extension  work  or  compiled  publications. 

lUlls  for  printing,  illustrations,  preparation  of  MS.,  or  mailing  of  publications 
should  not  be  charged-  to  the  Hatch  fund  unless  the  publications  clearly  record  the 
experimental  work  of  the  station.  Popular  bulletins  charged  to  the  Hatch  fund 
should  expressly  show  that  they  embody  the  results  of  the  station's  experimental 
work.  General  bulletins  of  information,  circulars  containing  directions  for  the  use 
of  fertilizers,  sprajdng,  etc.,  which  are  compiled  from  well-known  stmrces  <.if  informa- 
tion or  embody  the  general  or  local  experience  of  practical  men,  and  other  compiled 
pulilications,  should  not  be  charged  to  the  Hatch  fund. 

The  expenses  of  tests  and  local  demonstrations  of  established  results  of  exj)erimental 
work  or  improved  practice  are  not  proper  charges  against  the  Federal  funds  fur  the 
stations. 

In  keeping  the  station  books  and  vouchers  and  in  making  up  the  financial  reports 
strict  attention  should  be  paid  to  the  rulings  of  the  dei)artnu'nt,  the  published  scheme 
of  classification  of  accounts,  and  the  instructions  printed  on  the  first  page  of  the  finan- 
cial schedule  and  in  connection  with  the  several  abstracts  thereof. 

"\Vh«'n  changes  are  made  of  accountants  or  clerks,  the  re(|uiren»e-nt.s  of  the  department 
ri'gardiug  the  details  of  expenditure  and  accounting  should  be  !)rought  to  tlie  attentioix 
of  the  new  incumbents,  and  care  should  be  taken  that  a])i)roved  methods  of  accounting 
shall  nut  be  changed  without  con.sideration  of  the  department's  recpiirements. 

ADMINISTRATION  OF  HATCH  AND  ADAMS  ACTS. 

[Kxtrocl  from  report  of  the  Socrotory  of  AKrioiilttiro,  rJ13.  | 

Efficient  station  work  demands  an  atmosphere  of  fairness  and  jiisUco  and  reiusonablo 

H<;curi(y  lo  the  stuff.  It  furthermore  reiinires  stability  of  policy  and  the  highest  ptwsi- 
ble  me:isure  of  continuity  in  work  and  in  i)ersonneI.  Mon«'y  sjienton  dis<'onlinue*l  or 
interrupted  i)rojeclHiB  usually  very  laru'ely  was(e<l.  The  direct  or  of  thestulion.  as  the 
giiiiling  head,  is  mainly  responsible  for  the  succe.'Vt  of  the  station.  .\  good  station  and 
u  good  director  go  together.  Tim  station  director  deserves  Ut  be  sustiiined  and  sup- 
j)ortod  by  the  governing  board  in  currying  out  the  general  jM>li(y  after  it  is  approved 


29 

by  them.  A  change  in  the  director  is  inevitably  a  temporary  shock  to  the  work,  often 
interrupts  projects,  causes  changes  in  the  policy  and  personnel,  and  creates  an  era  of 
uncertainty;  hence  a  change  is  not  justified  except  when  clearly  indicated  by  incom- 
petence or  inability.  In  the  discharge  of  its  functions  in  administering  the  Federal 
funds  and  in  seeing  that  they  are  properly  used,  the  Department  of  Agriculture  should 
not  fail  to  take  cognizance  of  so  important  and  vital  a  change  as  that  of  director. 

The  Adams  Act  directs  that  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  shall  each  year  ascertain 
and  certify  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  as  to  each  State  and  Territory,  whether  it 
is  complying  with  the  provisions  of  this  act  and  is  entitled  to  receive  a  share  of  the 
annual  appropriation.  It  authorizes  the  Secretary  to  withhold  certification,  thus  sus- 
pending payment,  and  to  report  the  matter  to  Congress.  While  the  right  of  the  col- 
leges to  direct  the  stations  within  their  States  and  select  the  members  of  the  station 
staff  is  recognized,  radical  changes  in  the  personnel  or  policy  of  the  station,  except  for 
good  and  valid  reasons,  should,  it  is  believed,  be  held  to  be  unwarranted  interference 
of  the  governing  board  with  the  conduct  of  the  station.  Such  action  fails  to  recognize 
the  cardinal  principles  of  efficient  administration  and  places  an  institution  in  a  posi- 
tion of  inability  to  properly  employ  the  Federal  funds.  It  is  believed  that  such  a 
condition  does  not  warrant  the  Federal  Government  in  continuing  to  advance  funds 
to  the  college  or  its  experiment  station,  and  should  lead  to  the  withholdiag  of  funds 
until  conditions  favorable  to  their  effective  use  are  restored. 

COOPERATIVE  EXTENSION  WORK. 

ACT  OF  1914  PROVIDING  FOR  COOPERATIVE  EXTENSION  WORK. 

[Smith-Lever  Act.] 

aN  act  To  provide  for  cooperative  agricultural  extension  work  between  the  agricultural  colleges  in  the 
several  States  receiving  the  benefits  of  an  act  of  Congress  approved  July  second,  eighteen  himdred  and 
sixty-two,  and  of  acts  supplementary  thereto,  and  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America 
in  Congress  assembled,  That  in  order  to  aid  in  diffusing  among  the  people  of  the  United 
States  useful  and  practical  information  on  subjects  relating  to  agriculture  and  home 
economics,  and  to  encourage  the  application  of  the  same,  there  may  be  inaugurated 
in  connection  with  the  college  or  colleges  in  each  State  now  receiving,  or  whic  h  may 
hereafter  receive,  the  benefits  of  the  act  of  Congress  approved  July  second,  eighteen 
hundred  and  sixty-two,  entitled  "An  act  donating  public  lands  to  the  several  States 
and  Territories  which  may  provide  colleges  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture  and  the 
mechanic  arts"  (Twelfth  Statutes  at  Large,  page  five  hundred  and  three),  and  of  the 
act  of  Congress  approved  August  thirtieth,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety  (Twenty- 
sixth  Statutes  at  Large,  page  four  hundred  and  seventeen  and  chapter  eight  hundred 
and  forty-one),  agricultural  extension  work  which  shall  be  carried  on  in  cooperation 
with  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture:  Provided,  That  in  any  State  in 
which  two  or  more  such  colleges  have  been  or  hereafter  may  be  established  the  appro- 
priations hereinafter  made  to  such  State  shall  be  administered  by  such  college  or 
colleges  asHhe  legislature  of  such  State  may  direct:  Provided  further ,  That,  pending 
the  inauguration  and  development  of  the  cooperative  extension  work  herein  author- 
ized, nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  to  discontinue  either  the  farm  manage- 
ment work  or  the  farmers'  cooperative  demonstration  work  as  now  conducted  by  the 
Bureau  of  Plant  Industry  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture. 

Sec.  2.  That  cooperative  agricultural  extension  work  shall  consist  of  the  giving 
of  instruction  and  practical  demonstrations  in  agriculture  and  home  economics  to 
persons  not  attending  or  resident  in  said  colleges  in  the  several  communities,  and 
imparting  to  such  persons  information  on  said  subjects  through  field  demonstrations, 
publications,  and  otherwise;  and  this  work  shall  be  carried  on  in  such  manner  as 


30 

may  be  mutually  agreed  upon  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  and  the  State  agri- 
cultural college  or  collef:o8  recoiWng  the  benefits  of  this  act. 

Sec.  3.  That  for  the  purpose  of  paying  the  e.xpensos  of  said  cooperative  agricultural 
extension  work  and  the  necessarj--  printing  and  distributing  of  information  in  con- 
nection with  the  same,  there  is  ])emianently  appropriated,  out  of  any  money  in  the 
Treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  the  sum  of  $480,000  for  each  year.  $10,000  of 
which  shall  be  paid  annually,  in  the  manner  hereinafter  provided,  to  each  State 
which  shall  by  action  of  its  legislature  assent  to  the  provisions  of  this  act:  Provided, 
That  payment  of  such  installments  of  the  appropriation  hereinbefore  made  as  shall 
become  due  to  any  State  before  the  adjournment  of  the  regular  session  of  the  legisla- 
ture meeting  next  after  the  passage  of  this  act  may.  in  the  absence  of  prior  legislative 
assent,  be  made  ujwn  the  assent  of  the  governor  thereof,  duly  certified  to  the  Secre- 
tarj'  of  the  Treasury:  Provided  further.  That  there  is  also  appropriated  an  additional 
sum  of  $000,000  for  the  fiscal  year  following  that  in  which  the  foregoing  appropriation 
first  becomes  available,  and  for  each  year  thereafter  for  seven  years  a  sum  exceeding 
by  $500,000  the  sum  appropriated  for  each  preceding  year,  and  for  each  year  thereafter 
there  is  permanently  appropriated  for  each  year  the  sum  of  $4,100,000  in  addition 
to  the  sum  of  $480,000  hereinbefore  provided:  Provided  further ,  That  before  the  funds 
herein  appropriated  shall  become  available  to  any  college  for  any  fiscal  year  plans 
for  the  work  to  be  carried  on  under  this  act  shall  be  submitted  by  the  proper  officials 
of  each  college  and  approved  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture.  Such  additional  sums 
shall  be  iised  only  for  the  purposes  hereinbefore  stated,  and  shall  be  allotted  annually 
to  each  State  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  and  paid  in  the  manner  hereinbefore 
provided,  in  the  proportion  which  the  rural  population  of  each  State  bears  to  the  total 
rural  jjopulation  of  all  the  States  as  determined  by  the  next  preceding  Federal  census: 
Provided  further ,  That  no  payment  out  df  the  additional  appropriations  herein  pro- 
vided shall  be  made  in  any  year  to  any  State  until  an  equal  sum  has  been  appropri- 
ated for  that  year  by  the  legislature  of  such  State,  or  provided  by  State,  county,  col- 
lege, local  authority,  or  individual  contributions  from  witliin  the  State,  for  the  miin- 
tenance  of  the  cooperative  agricultural  extension  work  pro\'ided  for  in  this  act. 

Skc.  4.  That  the  sums  hereby  appropriated  for  extension  work  shall  be  paid  in  equal 
semiannual  payments  on  the  first  day  of  January  and  July  of  each  year  by  the  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury  upon  the  warrant  of  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  out  of  the  Treasurj' 
of  the  United  States,  to  the  treasurer  or  other  officer  of  the  State  duly  authorized  by 
the  laws  of  the  State  to  receive  the  same;  and  such  officer  shall  be  required  to  report 
to  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  September  of  each  year, 
a  detailed  statement  of  the  amount  so  received  during  the  preWous  li.scal  year,  and  of 
its  di,sbursement,  on  forms  prescribed  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture. 

Sec.  5.  That  if  any  portion  of  the  moneys  receivetl  by  the  designated  officer  of 
any  Stato  for  the  sup])ort  and  maintenance  of  cooperative  agricultural  extension 
work,  as  jjrovidtnl  in  this  act,  shall  by  any  action  or  contingency  bo  dimini.-fhed  or 
lost  or  bo  ml-applitd,  it  shall  bo  replaced  by  said  State  to  which  it  belongs,  and  until 
so  replaced  no  subsequent  ajjpropriation  shall  bo  a]>portioncd  or  paid  to  said  State, 
and  no  portion  of  said  moneys  shall  bo  ai)plied,  directly  or  indirectly,  to  the  pur- 
chase, ercK-'tion,  preservation,  or  repair  of  any  buiUling  or  l)uildings,  or  tflo  j^urchase 
or  rental  of  land,  or  in  collego-cour.se  teaching,  lectures  in  colleges,  promoting  agri- 
cultural trains,  or  any  other  ])urpose  not  Hju'cilied  in  this  act,  and  not  more  than  five 
per  centum  of  each  anntial  aj)j)n)j)riati()n  shall  be  a]>plie(l  to  the  printing  and  dis- 
tribntion  ol  ])ulilication.M.  It  shall  bo  the  duty  of  each  of  said  colleges  annunlly,  on 
or  ln'fori'  the  lirst  day  of  January,  to  make  to  tho  governor  of  the  State  in  which  it  is 
located  a  full  ami  detailed  rejxjrt  of  it.n  operations  in  the  directioti  of  extension  work 
aa  dclined  iti  thi.s  act,  including  a  <l<<taile<l  statement  of  reccijtts  and  exj)en<liturea 
from  all  H<iurceH  for  this  purposti,  a  copy  of  which  report  shall  1k>  sent  to  tho  Secretary 
of  Agriculture  and  to  tho  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  of  tho  United  States. 


31 

Sec.  6.  That  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  July  in  each  year  after  the  passage  of 
this  act  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  shall  ascertain  and  certify  to  the  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury  as  to  each  State  whether  it  is  entitled  to  receive  its  share  of  the  annual 
approj^riation  for  cooperative  agricultural  extension  work  under  this  act,  and  the 
amount  which  it  is  entitled  to  receive.  If  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  shall  with- 
hold a  certificate  froni  any  State  of  its  appropriation,  the  facts  and  reasons  therefor 
shall  ))e  reported  to  the  President,  and  the  amount  involved  shall  he  kept  separate 
in  the  Treasury  until  the  expiration  of  the  Congress  next  succeeding  a  session  of  the 
legislature  of  any  State  from  which  a  certificate  has  been  withheld,  in  order  that  the 
State  may,  if  it  should  so  desire,  appeal  to  Confress  from  the  determination  of  the 
Secretary  of  Agricultiu-e.  If  the  next  Congress  shall  not  direct  such  sum  to  be  paid, 
it  shall  be  covered  into  the  Treasiu-y. 

Sec.  7.  That  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  shall  make  an  annual  report  to  Congress 
of  the  receipts,  expenditures,  and  results  of  the  cooperative  agricultural  extension 
work  in  all  of  the  States  receiving  the  benefits  of  this  act,  and  also  whether  the  appro- 
priation of  any  State  has  been  withheld,  and  if  so,  the  reasons  therefor. 

Sec  8.  That  Congress  may  at  any  time  alter,  amend,  or  repeal  any  or  all  of  the 
provisions  of  this  act. 

Approved,  May  8,  1914  (38  Stat.  L.,  372). 

FRANKING  PRIVILEGE. 

PROVISION    OF   ACT    MAKING    APPROPRIATIONS    FOR    THE    UNITED    STATES    DEPARTMENT 
OF  AGRICULTURE   FOR  THE   FISCAL   YEAR    ENDING  JUNE   30,   1915. 

All  correspondence,  bulletins,  and  reports  for  the  furtherance  of  the  purposes  of  the 
act  approved  May  eighth,  nineteen  hundred  and  fourteen,  entitled  "An  act  to  pro- 
Adde  for  cooperative  agiicultural  extension  work  between  the  agricultural  colleges  in 
the  several  States  receiving  the  benefits  of  an  act  of  Congress  approved  July  second, 
eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two,  and  the  acts  supplementary  thereto,  and  the  United 
States  Department  of  Agriculture,"  jnay  be  transmitted  in  the  mails  of  the  United 
States  free  of  charge  tor  postage,  under  such  regulations  as  the  Postmaster  General, 
from  time  to  time,  may  prescribe,  by  such  college  ofiicer  or  other  person  connected 
with  the  extension  department  of  such  college  as  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  may 
designate  to  the  Postmaster  General  (38  Stat.  L.,  415,  438). 

In  a  letter  to  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  dated  April  28,  1915, 
the  Postmaster  General  ruled  that  the  above  proviso  ''is  regarded 
as  permanent  legislation." 

ORDER   (no.    8547)    OP  THE   POSTMASTER   GENERAL   REGARDING   THE    FRANKING 

PRIVILEGE    UNDER   THE    SMITH-LEVER   ACT. 

[Approved  Dec.  21,  1914.] 

The  Postal  Laws  and  Regulations,  edition  of  1913,  are  amended  by  the  addition  of 
the  following  as  section  504  i: 

504^.  All  correspondence,  bulletins,  and  reports  for  the  furtherance  of  the  purpose 
of  the  act  approved  May  8,  1914  (see  paragraph  2  of  this  section),  entitled  "An  act 
to  provide  for  cooperative  agricultural  extension  work  between  the  agricultural  col- 
leges in  the  several  States  recei^dng  the  benefits  of  an  act  of  Congress  approved  July  2, 
1862,  and  the  acts  supplementary  thereto,  and  the  United  States  Department  of 
Agriculture,"  may  be  transmitted  in  the  mails  of  the  United.  States  free  of  charge  for 
postage,  under  such  regulations  as  the  Postmaster  General  from  time  to  time  may 
prescribe,  by  such  college  officer  or  other  pereon  connected  with  the  extension  departs 
ment  of  such  college  as  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  may  designate  to  the  Postmaster 
General.     (Act  of  June  30,  1914.) 


32 

2.  There  may  be  inaugurated  in  connection  with  the  college  or  colleges  in  each 
State  now  receiving,  or  which  may  hereafter  receive,  the  benefits  of  the  act  of  Con- 
gress approved  July  2,  1862  *  *  *  (12  Stat.,  503),  and  the  act  of  Congress  approved 
August  30,  1890  (26  Stat.,  417),  agricultural  extension  work  which  shall  be  carried 
on  in  cooperation  with  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture.  «  »  ♦  Co- 
ojxrative  agricultural  extension  work  shall  consi.«t  of  the  giving  of  instniction  and 
practical  demonstrations  in  agriculture  and  home  economics  to  ])ernon8  not  attentling 
or  resident  in  said  colleges  in  the  several  communities,  and  imparting  to  such  i>erson8' 
information  on  said  subjects  through  field  demonstrations,  publications,  and  other- 
wise.    (Act  of  May  8,  1914.) 

3.  Upon  designation  to  the  Postmaster  General  by  the  Secretary'  of  Agriculture  of 
a  college  ofTicer  or  other  person  connected  with  the  extension  department  of  a  State 
agricultural  college  recei\-ing  the  benefits  of  the  act  of  July  2,  1802.  and  the  actssup- 
plementsiry  thereto,  by  whom  the  correspondence,  bulletins,  and  reports  mentioned 
in  j)aragraph  1  of  this  section  are  to  be  transmitted,  the  Third  As-sistant  Postmaster 
(leneral  shall  authorize  the  j)03tmaster  at  the  post  office  where  the  extension  depart- 
ment of  such  college  is  located  to  accept  from  the  officer  or  person  so  designated  such 
correspondence,  bulletins,  and  reports  for  free  transmission  in  the  mails. 

4.  In  the  upper  left  corner  of  the  envelope  or  wrapper  containing  such  correspond- 
ence, bulletins,  or  reports  shall  be  printed  over  the  words  "'Free — Cooperative  Agri- 
cultural Extension  Work — Acts  of  May  8  and  June  30,  1914,"  the  name  of  the  agricul- 
tural college  and  the  name  of  the  post  office  at  which  the  matter  is  to  be  accei)ted  free, 
followed  by  the  name  and  title  of  the  college  officer  or  person  designated  to  transmit 
such  matter,  and  in  the  upper  right  corner  the  words  "Penalty  for  private  use  to  avoid 
payment  of  postage,  $300."  The  designated  college  officer  or  person  is  not  authorized 
to  furnish  such  en^'eIope^  for  use  as  return  envelopes  by  individuals  or  concerns  from 
whom  replies  are  requested. 

5.  Only  such  correspondence,  bulletins,  and  reports  as  are  for  the  furtherance  of  the 
purposes  of  the  act  of  May  8,  1914,  set  forth  in  paragraph  2  of  this  section,  and  are 
mailed  at  the  authorized  post  office  by  the  college  officer  or  other  person  duly  desig- 
nated may  be  transmitted  free  under  the  provisions  of  this  section.  All  such  correspond- 
ence,-etc.,  to  be  entitled  to  free  transmission,  must  be  conducted  under  the  name  of 
such  designated  college  officer  or  person.  Correspondence  with  autograph  signature 
may  be  mailed  sealed,  but  all  other  matter  shall  be  i)resented  unsealed. 

6.  WTien  in  doubt  as  to  whether  any  i)articular  matter  presented  for  mailing  imder 
the  provisions  of  this  section  is  entitled  to  be  transmitted  free,  the  postmaster  shall 
submit  a  8amy)le  to  the  Third  Assistant  Postmaster  General,  Division  of  Classification, 
and  pending  decision  may  dispatch  the  matter  if  the  sender  makes  a  deposit  to  cover 
the  postage  at  the  proper  rate.  The  deposit  will  be  refunded  if  the  matter  is  held  to 
bo  entitled  to  free  transmission. 


33 

1NSTRUC3T10NS   REGARDING  THE   USE   OF  PENALTY   ENVELOPES   OP  THE   UNITED   STATES 

DEPARTMENT   OF   AGRICULTURE   BY   COOPERATIVE   EXTENSION    EMPLOYEES. 

[Approved  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  May  3, 1916.1 

The  following  instructions,  relative  to  the  use  of  the  penalty  envelopes  of  the  United 
States  Department  of  Agriculture,  should  be  strictly  observed  by  all  persons  engaged 
in  extension  work  under  appointment  from  the  United  States  Department  of  Agri- 
culture whether  they  receive  all  or  any  part  of  their  salary  from  the  department. 

The  use  of  penalty  envelopes  is  restricted  to  "matters  relating  exclusively  to  the 
business  of  the  Government, "  and  they  must,  therefore,  be  used  cautiously  and  in 
strict  compliance  with  the  law  and  the  postal  regulations,  their  unlawful  use  being  an 
offense  punishable  by  a  maximum  fine  of  $300.  The  cooperative  agents  or  employees 
of  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture,  any  part  of  whose  salary  is  paid  by 
that  department,  have  the  right  to  use  the  penalty  envelope  only  on  "matters  relating 
exclusively  to  the  business  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States"  for  wliich  appoint- 
ment from  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture  is  made. 

The  fact  that  the  agent  who  receives  a  part  of  his  salary  from  the  department  is  also 
engaged  in  extension  work  under  the  general  cooperative  agreement  with  the  State 
agricultural  college  does  not  give  him  the  right  to  use  the  department  penalty  envelope 
for  all  extension  business.  His  use  of  such  envelope  must  be  confined  to  those  exten- 
sion enterprises  wliich  are  covered  by  the  terms  of  liis  commission  from  the  department 
and  the  projects  in  wliich  the  department  funds  are  used. 

In  using  the  official  penalty  envelope,  post  card,  or  tag  the  following  instructions 
should  be  observed: 

1.  jfw  official  correspondence  with  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture. — All 
correspondence  addressed  to  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture  pertaining 
to  the  work  for  wliich  the  employee  receives  his  Federal  appointment  may  be  con- 
ducted in  penalty  envelopes.  All  such  letters  should  be  inclosed  in  envelopes  ad- 
dressed to  the  office  through  which  the  Federal  appointment  was  made.  Such  letters 
must  relate  entirely  to  the  official  public  business  covered  by  the  appointment  which 
may  include  the  sending  in  of  reports,  requests  for  information,  requests  for  bulletins 
and  supplies  and  other  material  needed  in  the  work,  and  responses  to  inquiries  made 
by  officials  of  the  department. 

2.  Correspondence  with  supervising  agents,  leaders  or  directors  within  the  State,  and 
with  other  field  employees  holding  appointments  from  the  United  States  Department  of 
Agriculture  and  engaged  in  similar  work. — All  such  correspondence  must  relate  entirely 
to  the  official  business  for  which  the  employee  was  appointed  by  the  United  States 
Department  of  Agriculture  in  order  to  entitle  it  to  transmission  in  penalty  envelopes. 

3.  Correspondence  with  farmers  and  other  persons. — Penalty  envelopes  may  be  used  to 
transmit  through  the  mails  letters  of  instruction  to  farmers  engaged  in  carrying  on 
demonstrations,  notices  of  meetings  to  be  held  in  furtherance  of  the  work  for  which 
the  agent  received  his  Federal  appointment,  and  of  special  demonstrations.  All  such 
correspondence  should  relate  either  to  tli'e  giving  of  information  to  farmers  or  their 
families  relative  to  demonstrations  conducted  under  the  supervision  of  the  agent,  and 
advice  to  farmers  in  answer  to  their  inquiries,  or  of  instruction  to  farmers  and  their 
families  regarding  some  feature  of  agriculture  or  home  economics  taken  up  by  the 
agent  in  furtherance  of  the  work  for  which  he  was  employed  by  the  department. 

They  may  be  used  to  call  the  attention  of  the  farmers  to  such  farmers'  meetings  as  are 
held  in  furtherance  of  the  work  for  which  the  agent  was  employed ,  but  shall  not  be  used 
-to  send  out  notices  of  meetings  of  organizations  of  farmers  and  business  men  or  indis- 
criminate announcements  of  farmers'  meetings.  In  no  case  should  penalty  envelopes 
be  used  for  the  purpose  of  relieving  organizations  from  paying  postage  on  matter  issued 
by  the  organization  and  which  is  therefore  properly  chargeable  with  postage. 

4.  Penalty  envelopes  must  not  be  used  in  transacting  such  private  business  as  send- 
ing for  catalogues,  price  lists,  seeds,  implements,  fertilizers,  etc.,  for  farmers  or  groups 


34 

of  farmers,  nor  in  seeking  markets  for  produrts  of  individual  farmers  or  groups  of 
farmers,  nor  in  mailing  catalogues,  announcemente,  or  price  lists  of  State,  «)unty,  or 
other  fairs. 

5.  An  addressed  return  penalty  envelope  or  poet  card  may  be  sent  out  to  farmers 
and  other  persons  from  whom  information  is  desired,  provided  such  information  is  to 
he  used  strictly  in  furtherance  of  the  work  for  which  the  agent  received  his  F«^leral 
apf)ointment.  Such  use  of  the  penalty  envelopes  should  be  made  with  great  caution 
for  fear  of  the  abuse  of  the  i)rivilege  by  uninstructed  indiWduals.  County  agents 
should  not  send  out  circular  letters  of  inquirj'  in  penalty  envelopes  unless  they  are 
instructed  to  do  so  by  their  State  leader,  who  should  send  to  the  department  copies  of 
all  such  letters  which  he  has  approved.  Penalty  envelopes  and  tags  sliould  never  be 
furnished  to  farmers  or  others  to  be  used  in  sending  any  commoflity  through  the  mails. 

6.  In  all  correspondence  maile<l  in  penalty  envelopes  agents  should  iL^e  eitheir 

department  letterheads  or  letterheads  approved  by  the  department  which  clearly 

indicate  the  participation  of  the  Unite<l  States  Department  of  Agriculture  in  the 

cooperative  work  undertaken  by  the  agent.     The  form  recommende<l  l)y  the  States 

Relations  Service  is  as  follows,  and  may  be  atlapted  to  meet  the  needs  of  each  State 

and  county: 

Cooperative  Extension  Work 

in 

Agriculture  and  Home  Economics, 

State  of  [Maiaachusetta]. 

State  Agricultural  College, 

U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture  Extension  Service, 

(other  State  or  county  organization)  County  Agent  Work. 

cooperating. 

[Springfield,  Mass.] 

In  this  letterhea^I  slight  changes  if  approved  by  the  department  may  l>e  made 
in  the  printed  matter,  but  no  change  can  be  made  in  the  general  form  of  heading, 
and  no  one  of  the  cooperating  parties  should  be  given  more  prominence  than  others, 
and  the  order  indicated  must  be  observed. 

Do  not  use  i)rivate  letterheads  or  letterheads  containing  any  advertising  matter. 
IjCtterheads  of  the  agricultural  college  which  do  not  shmv  the  cooperation  of  the 
United  States  Department  of  Agriculture  in  the  work  and  which  have  not  lieon 
approved  by  the  department  should  not  be  used. 

7.  No  private  matter  whatever  should  1)0  included  in  any  letter  sent  in  penalty 
enveloi)e8;  the  entire  letter  should  relate  exclusively  to  the  business  of  the  Unite<i 
States  for  which  the  emjjloyee  received  his  Fetleral  api)ointment.  Agents  should 
not  use  oflicial  letterheads  or  envelopes  for  i)er8onal  corresj)ondence  even  though 
postage  is  affixed.  Ivotters  or  circulars  sent  in  penalty  envelopes  must  not  be  signed 
by  any  person  excejjt  the  authorized  agent  of  the  Unite<I  States  Department  of  Agri- 
culture, who  niu.st  affix  his  official  title  and'heachiuarters. 

8.  Printed  inatter. — Penalty  envelopes  of  the  I'nited  States  Department  of  Agri- 
culture may  Ihj  used  l)y  agents  in  distril)utiiig  l)ullctin.'^  and  circulars  j)ul)lishe<l  by 
the  United  States  Department  of  .\griculturc  which  they  are  uuthorizcil  to  di."<tribute. 
PuUetins  and  <irculiirH  pul)lish('d  by  any  agricultural  collcg*'  or  cxiu'riment  station 
may  Ixj  sent  in  L'nite«l  States  Department  of  Agriculture  penalty  en vcloj)e8  only  in 
cases  where  such  publications  contain  valuable  information  on  ixgriculture  or  homo 
e<onomics  which  the  agent  of  the  department  desires  to  furnish  to  i)articular  persons 
who  have  made  in(|uiry  of  him  for  such  information  or  to  persons  with  whom  the  agent 
is  conducting  some  denionstration  or  other  special  work.  Such  bulletins  or  circulars 
BO  sent  should  bo  accompanied  by  a  letter  sigmnl  by  the  agent,  with  his  ollicial  title. 


35 

Penalty  envelopes  must  not  be  used  for  general  distribution  of  bulletins  and  circulars 
of  the  colleges  or  stations  or  other  organizations.  Where  miscellaneous  requests  for 
bulletins  of  colleges  or  stations  or  other  public  institutions  are  received  by  agents  in 
their  official  capacity,  such  requests  may  be  forwarded  in  a  penalty  envelope  to  the 
proper  authority  for  attention. 

Newspapers,  clippings,  magazines,  and  other  printed  matter  which  contain  articles 
about  the  work  of  the  agents  may  be  transmitted  to  the  supervising  agents  of  the 
department  in  penalty  envelopes,  but  should  be  accompanied  by  a  letter  of  transmittal 
clearly  showing  that  the  printed  matter  is  sent  in  for  the  purpose  of  advising  the  officer 
to  whom  it  is  directed.  No  literature  should  be  distributed  in  penalty  envelopes 
commending  products  of  particular  firms  or  individuals. 

9.  No  matter  containing  commercial,  religious,  or  political  annoimcements  or 
advertisements  should  ever  be  sent  in  penalty  envelopes,  except  in  cases  where  a 
request  is  made  by  an  official  of  the  department  that  the  agent  send  in  such  pamphlets 
or  printed  matter  for  official  purposes. 

10.  No  letters  or  printed  matter  soliciting  fimds  for  the  support  of  any  association 
or  other  organization  should  be  sent  in  penalty  envelopes. 

11.  All  official  circulars,  bulletins,  or  reports  issued  by  the  agent  which  are  to  be 
mailed  in  penalty  envelopes  must  have  had  the  subject  matter  and  form  ai)proved 
by  the  State  director  of  extension.  On  the  front  page  must  be  clearly  shown  the 
cooperation  of  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture  as  set  forth  in  the  approved 
form  for  letterheads,  also  the  name  and  official  title  of  the  agent.  No  publication  of  a 
county  organization  as  such  should  be  distributed  in  perialty  envelopes.  Correspond- 
ence with  autograph  signature  may  be  mailed  sealed  from  any  post  office,  but  all  other 
matter  should  be  presented  unsealed  and  only  at  the  post  office  designated  for  that 
purpose. 

For  all  other  business  and  in  all  cases  of  doubt,  do  not  use  penalty  envelopes,  but 
pay  the  postage.  Resolve  all  questions  of  doubt  against  the  right  to  use  such  envelopes 
or  submit  for  decision  particular  cases  to  the  head  of  the  oflice  through  which  the 
Federal  appointment  waa  made. 


86 

FUNDS  AVAILABLE  TO  THE  STATES  UNDER  THE  SMITH-LEVER  ACT. 

The  following  table  shows  the  maximuin  amounts  of  money  which 
the  several  States  are  eligible  to  receive  from  the  Federal  Govern- 
ment under  the  Smith-Lever  Act  as  calculated  on  the  proportion  which 
the  rural  population  of  each  State  bears  to  the  total  rural  poj)ida- 
tion  of  the  United  States  according  to  the  census  of  1910. 

Maximum  amounts  of  Federal  funds  which  each  Stale  w  eligihU  to  receive  under  the  Smith- 
Lever  Act  for  cooperative  agricultural  extension  vmrk.^ 


Btat«. 


Alabama 

Arizona 

Arkansas 

California 

Colorado 

Connecticut 

Delaware 

Florida 

Georgia 

Idaho 

Illinois 

Indiana 

Iowa 

Kansas 

Kentucky 

Louisiana 

Maine 

Maryland 

Massachusetts 

Michigan 

Minnesota 

MLssLssippi 

Miss<iuri 

Montana 

Nebraska 

Nevada 

New  Hampshire. 

New  Jersey 

New  Mexico 

New  York 

North  Carolina... 

North  Dakota 

Ohio 

Oklalioma 

Oregon 

Pennsylvania .... 

Uhode  Island 

South  Carolina... 

South  Dakota 

Tennessee 

Texius 

Utah 

Vermont 

Virginia 

Wa.shington 

West  X'lrglnla... 

\VLs<'onsin , 

Wyoming 


Rural 
papulation, 
cen.sus  1910. 


Total,, 49,348,883 


767,662 
141,094 
371,708 
907, 810 
394, 184 
114,917 
105, 237 
5.33,539 
070,471 
255,090 
101,662 
557,041 
544,717 
197,159 
734,463 
159,872 
300,928 
637, 154 
241,049 
,483,129 
,225,414 
,589,803 
,894,518 
242,0;J3 
881,302 

08,508 
175,473 
029,957 
280,730 
,928,120 
,887,813 
513,. H20 
,101,978 
,:{37,000 
3(>5, 705 
,034,442 

17,950 

,290,508 

507,215 

,743,744 

1,958,438 

200,417 

187,013 

jSK^OSCJ 

530, 4tM) 

992, 877 

,329,  MO 

102,744 


Proportion 

oitotal 

rural 

population, 

census  1910. 


Per  cent. 

3. 5819696 

.2859112 

2. 77973 JO 

1. 83957.56 

. 7987099 

.2328665 

.2132510 
1.0811572 
4. 19.'i5782 

.5181394 
4.3803660 
3. 1551097 
3. 13019(a 
2.4259090 
3.5146956 
2.3503511 

.  7313803 
1.2911214 

.4884589 
3.0053953 
2.4831646 
3. 2215582 
3. 8390291 

.  4916C.87 
1.7859817 

. 1388238 

.  3.'>.')5704 
1.27(i.W5 

.  508S(iS2 
3. 9071 198 
3.  82.''H-122 
1.0I119S8 
4.2.W-.237 
2.70<>2812 

.7410W)3 
6. 1489578 

.  03038.58 
2.0151919 
1.0278145 
3. 5.335025 
5.  9«t  i9442 

.40<.1227 

.  378<.M'.09 
3.21UW37 
1 . 0.S707l>.) 
2.0119.M3 
2.0941043 

.2081992 


Fiscal 

year 

1914-15. 


99. 9999999 


S10,000 

10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10.000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,000 
10,0(KI 
10,000 
lO.lKH) 
10, (KM) 
10,  WM) 
lO.tXH) 
1(1, (MH) 
10, (MM) 
lO.(MM) 
10,  (HXJ 
10,000 
10,  (KK) 
10,000 
10,  (KM) 
10,0(K) 
10,  (KK) 
10,  (MM) 
10,(K)0 
10,(M)0 
10,000 
10,  WK) 
10,000 


Fiscal  year 
1915-10. 


480,000 


$31,491.82 
11,715.47 
2li,07S.41 
21.037.45 
14,792.(i2 
11,397.20 
11,279.51 
10,486.94 
35,173.47 
1.3.  108.  84 
30,282.20 
28,931.02 
28,781.18 
24,. 555. 45 
31,088.17 
24,102.11 
14,388.28 
17,  740.  73 
12,930.75 
2.S,032.37 
21,898.99 
29,329.35 
33,034.17 
12,9.50.01 
20, 715. 89 
10,832.94 
12,133.40 
17  (k59.22 
13,413.20 
33,442.72 
32,9:)2.0.5 
16,247.19 
35;  .556.  .M 
20, 25.5. 69 
14,440.30 
40,89;J.75 
10,218.31 
2.5,091.15 
10. 160.  89 
31,201.01 
45,  !H)9. 07 
12,43(5.74 
12,273.77 
2tt,271.96 
10,522.40 
22,071.73 
20,104.99 
11,249.20 


Fiscal  year 
191(>-'l7. 


1,080,000.00 


FLscal  years 
1917-18, 
1918-19, 
1919-20.* 
Add  the 
following 
amounts  to 
tho.soof  the 
yesir  im- 
mediately 
]  (receding. 


$49,401.07 
13,145.a3 
40,577.08 
30,2:1.5.33 
18,7S»>.  47 
12, 561.. 53 
12,345.76 
21,892.73 
56,151.36 
15,699.54 
58,184.03 
44,706.87 
44,432.16 
36,685.00 
48,661.65 
35,853.87 
18,015.18 
24,202.34 
15,373.04 
43,059.35 
37,314.81 
45,437.14 
52, 229. 32 
15,408.35 
29,(vt5.80 
11,527.00 
13,911.34 
24,041.91 
10,257.54 
.52,978.32 
52,079.80 
21,453.18 
56,  ,8,5:}.  00 

39. 802. 10 
l.s,  151.00 
77, 038.  .5-1 
10,400.24 

38. 707. 1 1 
21,3lV5.9».i 
48, 808. 52 
75,944.39 
14,407.:«5 
14,108.57 
45,331.93 
21,9.57.84 
:«,131.50 
;i9,  o;»5. 81 
12,290.20 


1,580,000.00 


$17,909.85 

l,429.5(i 

13, 898. 07 

9, 197. 88 

3,993.85 

1,104.33 

1,060.25 

5,405.79 

20,977.89 

2,500.70 

21,901.83 

15,775.85 

15,'V-0.98 

12,129.55 

r(,573.48 

11,751.76 

3,050.9r 

6,45.5.61 

2,442.29 

1,5,02().98 

12,41.5.82 

10, 107.  79 

19,  l'.k5. 15 

2,458.:M 

8,9'29.91 

094. 12 

1,777.88 

0,;i82.Ge 

2,844.34 

19, 53,5.  (» 

19,127.21 

r>,  2«V..  '.«• 

21,297  12 

13,  ,510.41 

3,705.:W 

30,744.79 

181.93 

13,075.90 

5,i;W.07 

17,607.51 

29,974.73 

2,aH).01 

1.89^1.80 

10,059.97 

5,435.38 

10,050.77 

W.  470. 82 

1,&I1.00 


£00,000.00 


1  Kaih  State  must  duplicate  idl  Federal  money  above  $1(),(MK)  jyer  yivvr. 

«  Alter  1920  theallolmonls  are  to  be  btt.sod  on  the  roturiLS  for  rural  [lopulatlon  o 


r  ili<>  l'ourt(H<nth  Census. 


37 

INSTRUCTIONS  FOR  EXTENSION  ACCOUNTING. 

[Approved  by  the  Director  of  the  States  Relations  Service  Mar.  27, 1916.) 

Accounts  and  vouchers  for  all  funds  used  in  extension  work  under  the  Smith- 
Lever  Act  should  be  regularly  kept  at  the  college  in  each  State  receiving  the  benefits 
of  this  act,  even  if  the  original  accounts  and  vouchers  are  kept  in  the  office  of  the 
State  treasurer  or  other  official.  If  the  college  keeps  only  duplicate  vouchers,  these 
should  bear  evidence  of  their  payment  by  reference  to  the  warrant  or  otherwise. 
Expenditures  from  both  Federal  and  other  funds  which  are  included  in  the  account 
for  any  Federal  fiscal  year  should  be  confined  to  those  actually  made  in  the  mainte- 
nance of  the  extension  service  during  that  year.  Separate  accounts  for  expenditures 
of  the  Smith-Lever  Federal  fund  and  funds  from  within  the  State  used  to  offset  that 
fund  should  be  kept  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  financial  schedules 
prescribed  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  and  should  be  supported  by  vouchers 
approved  by  the  director  of  extension  work. 

From  whatever  source  derived,  funds  which  are  used  to  offset  Federal  Smith-Lever 
funds  will  be  subject  to  the  same  limitations  as  regards  the  character  of  the  expendi- 
tures as  the  Federal  Smith-Lever  funds. 

LOCAL  ACCOUNTS. 

Vouchers  for  expenditures  from  funds  contributed  to  the  State  Smith-Lever  funds 
by  counties,  local  organizations,  or  individuals  should  be  approved  by  the  director 
of  exten^on  work,  as  well  as  by  the  county  officer  or  other  representative  of  the  con- 
tributing parties,  and  be  paid  by  the  county  or  other  local  treasurer,  who  should 
file  a  certificate  of  payment  with  the  director  of  extension  work.  Either  the  original 
vouchers  or  duplicates  should  be  on  file  at  the  college. 

VOUCHERS. 

The  classification  in  accordance  with  the  headings  prescribed  by  the  department 
should  be  indicated  on  all  vouchers  or  accompanying  jackets.  Every  voucher  should 
further  indicate  the  fund  from  which  the  expenditure  is  made  and  the  project  or 
projects  to  which  the  expenditure  relates. 

SALARIES   OR  LABOR. 

There  should  be  a  pay  roll  or  an  individual  voucher  which  should  indicate  the  period 
for  which  the  salary  charge  is  made,  the  annual  rate  of  salary,  general  description  of 
duties  (grade  or  title),  and  should  contain  the  personal  signature  of  each  individual 
paid  and  the  indorsement  of  the  director  of  extension  work.  Separate  pay  rolls  and 
individual  vouchers  for  labor  and  for  salaries  should  be  kept. 

TRAVEL   EXPENSES. 

Vouchers  for  travel  should  give  the  purpose  and  dates  for  each  trip  and  show  an 
itemized  account  of  all  railroad  and  boat  fares,  livery,  bus,  and  street  car  expenses, 
payments  for  subsistence,  and  miscellaneous  items.  The  voucher  should  give  refer- 
ence to  the  authorization  to  travel  and  contain  the  personal  signature  of  the  individual 
paid  and  the  indorsement  of  the  director.  There  should  be  vouchers  showing  the 
purchase  of  mileage  books  and  subvouchers  showing  how  and  when  the  mileage  was 
used.  Expenses  for  supplies  and  other  material  should  not  be  included  in  travel 
accounts. 

OTHER   EXPENSES. 

(Supplies  and  miscellaneous.) 

There  should  be  an  itemized  account  of  all  supplies  and  miscellaneous  articles 
purchased,  and  the  vouchers  should  indicate  when  the  goods  were  received  and  the 


38 

date  of  payment,  and  shotild  bear  the  signature  of  the  i>ayee  and  indorsement  of  the 
director.    A  detailed  invoite  should  be  filed  whenever  a  voucher  check  is  used. 

ACCOUNTING,   BY   PROJECTS. 

In  the  financial  report  a  separate  statement  should  be  made  for  each  project,  and 
this  should  show  the  amounts  spent  from  each  fund  used  in  the  project. 

All  expenses  of  a  person  regularly  carrying  on  a  definite  type  of  extension  work  are 
chargeable  to  the  project  covering  that  type  of  work  and  not  to  a  project  to  which  he 
may  be  temporarily  assigned.  The  vouchers  should  be  classifiecl  according  to  the 
projects  as  actually  approved  by  the  department. 

Project — General  organization  of  extension  work. — This  project  indicates  the  gen- 
eral plan  of  organization  and  briefly  outlines  the  projects  which  it  is  the  intention  to 
put  in  effect  during  the  fiscal  year  and  the  amounts  of  money  from  each  source  devoted 
to  the  indi\'idual  projects. 

The  expenditures  for  administration  and  for  printing  and  distribution  of  publica- 
tions should  be  kept  separate  in  the  accounts.  "Administration  "  should  include  the 
salary  and  expenses  of  the  director,  editors,  and  other  persons  employed  in  the  central 
office,  but  the  salaries  and  expenses  of  State  agents  or  State  leaders  of  spe<ial  lines 
of  work  and  the  clerical  force  exclusively  employed  in  such  work  should  be  charged 
to  the  particular  line  of  work  in  which  they  are  engaged  and  not  to  adminLstration. 
"Printing  and  distribution"  will  include  the  cost  of  envelopes,  the  salary  of  laborers, 
and  other  expenses  connected  with  the  mailing  and  distribution  of  the  publications. 
Publications  include  all  bulletins,  reports,  circulars,  periodicals,  etc..  hssued  in 
furtherance  of  the  Smith-Lever  Act.  Cost  of  gathering  material,  etc.,  for  publica- 
tions should  be  charged  against  the  project  to  which  the  publication  applies.  The 
salary  and  expenses  of  the  extension  editor  should  be  charged  to  "  administration." 

Project — County  agents. — This  should  include  all  salaries  and  expenses  of  county 
agents  and  supervising  officers. 

Project — Home  economics  or  home  demonstration  vork. — Under  this  project  should 
be  included  all  expenditures  for  general  extension  work  in  home  economics. 

Project — Movable  schools  and  farmers'  courses. — Under  this  project  should  be  in- 
cluded expenses  for  schools  held  in  local  communities,  but  it  should  not  include  the 
salaries,  for  example,  of  county  agents  or  home  economics  demonstrators  temporarily 
employed  in  such  work.  If  specialists  and  other  extension  agents  occasionally  par- 
ticipate in  movable  schools,  their  salaries  should  be  charged  atrainst  the  project  to 
which  they  give  the  major  portion  of  their  time,  but  other  expenses  incident  to  par- 
ticijxition  in  the  movable  schools  are  proper  charges  against  this  project. 

Project — Iinj/.<<'  club  vork. — If  this  work  is  carried  on  through  a  scptirate  State  leader 
and  district  and  county  agents,  there  should  be  a  separate  account  covering  the  expenses 
of  such  agents. 

Project — Girls'  club  rvork. — If  this  work  is  carried  on  through  a  sepjarate  State  leader 
and  district  and  county  agents,  there  should  be  a  separate  ac(X)unt  covering  the 
expenses  of  such  agents. 

Separate  projects  and  accounts  should  be  set  up  for  each  line  of  work  requiring  the 
time  of  at  least  one  person. 

CLASSIFICATION    OK    EXTENSION   ACCOUNTS. 

The  scheme  for  classification  of  extension  accounts,  by  items  of  expense,  provides 
for  14  ledger  headings,  iw  follows: 

(1)  Salaries,  adnunistrative,  technical,  and  clerical. 

(2)  Labor,  regular  and  temj)orary,  in  conncctioii  with  extension  work. 

(3)  Printing  and  distribuli/)ii  of  publications,  priiiliiiir,  illustnition,  envelopes,  and 

personal  services  for  mailing',  etc. 
(•1)  Stationery  and  small  printing,  stationery  for  ollice  and  recnrd  purposes,  fornis^ 
index  cards,  etc. 


39 

(5)  Postage,  telegraph,  telephone,  freight,  and  express,  including  cartage,  drayage, 

or  other  charges  for  handling  freight. 

(6)  Heat,  light,  water,  and  power. 

(7)  Supplies,  to  include  only  consumable  supplies  of  chemicals,  glassware,  small 

apparatus,  and  appliances. 

(8)  Library — books,   periodicals,   and  binding,   but  not  including  equipment  or 

general  supplies. 

(9)  Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances,  such  as  agricultural  implements  and  machines, 

canning  outfits,  trunks  and  cases  for  transporting  exhibits,  etc.,  motors,  vehi-" 
cles,  harness,  and  small  movable  structures  like  animal  cages,  brooders,  or 
shelters;  including  repairs  to  same. 

(10)  Furniture  and  fixtures  for  offices  and  laboratories — desks,  cases,  typewriters, 

office  appliances,  and  household  equipment. 

(11)  Scientific  apparatus  and  specimens,  including  mounted  insects,  fungi,  etc. 

(12)  Live  stock,  including  rental  of  animals  of  all  kinds  for  extension  work,  but  not 

their  feeding  and  care. 

(13)  Traveling  expenses  in  connection  Avith  extension  work. 

(14)  Contingent  expenses,  to  be  itemized  in  detail. 

The  object  has  been  to  secure  a  clear  and  self-explanatory  statement  of  extension 
expenditures,  with  as  large  a  degree  of  uniformity  as  practicable.  In  the  majority  of 
cases  the  classification  of  individual  entries  is  apparent,  and  no  suggestion  is  needed. 
In  the  case  of  a  considerable  number  of  items,  however,  questions  have  arisen  from 
time  to  time  and  considerable  diversity  of  practice  has  been  noted.  The  following 
list  has  accordingly  been  prepared  to  serve  as  a  guide  in  this  matter,  and  while  in  no 
sense  complete  it  will  often  suggest  the  classification  of  other  items  not  enumerated. 

It  is  recognized  that  in  several  instances  the  classification  suggested  is  a  more  or 
less  arbitrary  one,  and  that  the  items  might  with  propriety  be  placed  under  other 
headings.  Rarely  would  two  persons  classify  an  entire  account  exactly  the  same  in 
all  particulars.  These  suggestions  will,  however,  enable  greater  uniformity  and  thus 
make  the  extension  accounts  more  readily  comparable  when  reviewed  or  tabulated 
for  publication. 

Adding  machine Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Addressograph  or  other  addressing  machine Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Addressograph  supplies  and  stencils Stationery  and  small  printing. 

Auditing  accounts Contingent  expenses. 

Balances  for  laboratory  use Scientific  apparatus  and  specimens. 

Bees Live  stock. 

Board  of  employees  temporarily  in  field Traveling  expenses. 

Board  of  horses  or  other  stock Supplies. 

Board  of  laborers,  when  part  of  wages Labor. 

Breeding  cages  for  insects  and  small  animals Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Brooders Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Calculating  and  computing  machines Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Cameras Scientific  apparatus  and  specimens. 

Canning  outfits Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Cans  (pints  and  quarts) Supplies. 

Carpets Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Carriages,  wagons,  and  similar  conveyances Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Cartage Freight  and  express. 

Cases  for  carrying  slides Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Cooker  (fireless) Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Copying  machines Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Cuts,  half  tones,  etc.,  for  illustrating  publica- 
tions   Printing  and  distribution  of  publica- 
tions. 


40 

Drawings  for  illustrations Printing  and  distribution  of  publica- 
tions. 

Drayagc. Freiirht  and  express. 

Duplicating maclune,  mimeograph,  etc Furniture  and  fi.xtures. 

Egg  containers Supplies. 

Electric-light  bulbs Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Envelopes  for  mailing  bulletins Printing  and  distribution  of  publiea- 

tions. 
Expense  of  sale  of  extension  property  <>r  prod- 
ucts    Contingent  expenses. 

Fee  in  aid  of  graduate  school  is  not  a  proper 
charge  against  the  Smith-Lever  funds. 

Flower  pots .Supplies. 

Folding  and  sealing  machines Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Fungi,  specimens Scicntifi'-  apparatti.s  ari<l  i^pe.imens. 

Fungicides Supplies. 

Gas  machine Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Gas  mantles  and  shades Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Gasoline  for  heating Heat,  light,  water,  and  power. 

Gasoline  for  automobiles  and  motorcycles Traveling  expenses. 

Groceries  for  demonstrations Supplies. 

Hardware,  small  sundries Supplies. 

Harness Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Herbarium  cases Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Herbarium  specimens Scientific  apparatus  and  specimens. 

Horse  hire  for  work Labor. 

Ice Supplias. 

Hlustrations  for  publications Printing  and  distribution  of  publica- 
tions^ 

Incubators  for  hatching  chickens Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Insect  boxes  and  cases Furnit  ure  and  fixtures. 

Insecticides Supplies. 

Insects,  mounted  specimens Scientific  apparatus  and  spocimena. 

Interest  paid  on  borrowed  money  not  chargeable 
to  Smith-Lever  funds. 

Kerosene Heat,  light,  water,  and  power. 

Kitchen  apparatus Furniture  and  fixt ures. 

Lenses  for  cameras  or  microscopes Scientific  apjiaratus  and  specimens. 

Library  supplies Stationery  and  small  printing. 

Linoleum Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Livery Traveling  expenses. 

Medicine Supplies. 

Membership  fee,  when  incurred  to  secure  pro- 
ceedings or  periodical  of  a  society Library. 

Milking  machine Tools,  machinery,  and  a])i)liaiic.-s. 

M altigraph Furnit >ir(>  and  fixtures. 

Mimeograph : Furniture  and  (ixtun's. 

Motor,  movable  (unless  part  of  scientific  appara- 

tUH) Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Neostyle,  etc Furniture  and  lixlvires. 

Oil,  lubricating Supplies. 

Photographic  sup])lies: 

Camenus  and  lenses Scientific  apparatus  and  si>e(iinen8. 

Consumable  supplies,  such  as  (ilnis,  ])lales, 

paper,  developers,  etc Sup])liea. 


41 

Photographs  of  stock,  field  work,  etc.,  when 

purchased  in  finished  form Supphea. 

Platform   scales   for  weighing  animals,  field 

crops,  etc Tools,   machinery,   and  appliances; 

not  furniture  and  fixtures  or  scien- 
tific apparatus  and  specimens. 

Platinum  ware Scientific  apparatus  and  specimens. 

Poultry Livestock. 

Poultry  buildings,  portable Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Presto-Lite  tank , Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Refrigerator -  Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Scales,  ordinary,  for  weighing  feed,  small  ani- 
mals, and  the  like Tools,   machinery,  and   appliances; 

'  not  scientific  apparatus. 

Sewing  machines Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Shoeinghorses --  Supplies;  not  live  stock. 

Spraying  apparatus Tools,  machinery,  and  apphances. 

Sprajdng  materials Supplies. 

Sterilizing  outfit  for  dairy Tools,   machinery,   and  appliances; 

not  scientific  apparatus. 

Stoves,  gasoline,  etc Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Teaming,  when  in  nature  of  cartage  or  express-    Postage,  telegraph,telephone, freight, 

g^gg    _"_' and  express. 

Testtubes Supplies. 

Testino'  outfit Scientific  apparatus  and  specimens. 

Trunks  for  carrying  extension  exhibits,  etc Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Typewriter Furniture  and  fixtures. 

Typewriter  supplies Stationery  and  small  printing. 

Wa<^ons - Tools,  machinery,  and  appliances. 

Water  re^ster Scientific  apparatus  and  specimens. 

Window  Screens  and  doors Furniture  and  fixtures. 


42 
STATES  RELATIONS  SERVICE. 

ORGANIZATION. 

[Extract  from  the  memorandum  (No.  140)  of  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  providing  for  the  organization 

of  the  States  Relations  Sen'ice.J 

In  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  4,  1915,  making 
appropriations  for  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  I  hereby  establish  a  States  Relations 
Service  in  this  department,  which  shall  represent  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  in  his 
relations  with  the  State  agricultural  colleges  and  experiment  stations  under  the 
acts  of  Congress  of  July  2,  1862,  August  30,  1890,  March  2,  1887,  March  16,  1906,  May  8, 
1914,  and  acts  supplementary  thereto,  and  in  carrying  out  the  provisions  of  acts  of 
Congress  making  appropriations  to  this  department  for  farmers'  cooperative  demon- 
stration work,  investigations  relating  to  agricultural  schools,  farmers'  institutes,  the 
relative  utility  and  economy  of  agricultural  products  used  for  food,  clothing,  and  other 
uses  in  the  home,  and  the  maintenance  of  agricultural  experiment  stations  in  Alaska, 
Hawaii,  Porto  Rico,  and  Guam,  and  in  such  other  matters  as  the  Secretary  of  Agri- 
culture shall  designate  from  time  to  time. 

The  States  Relations  Service  shall  include  the  following  offices:  (1)  The  office  of  the 
director  of  the  service,  which  shall  include  those  officers  and  employees  engaged  in 
the  general  work  and  administration  of  the  service;  (2)  the  Office  of  Experiment 
Stations,  including  the  work  of  the  service  relating  to  agricultural  experiment  station.-^; 
(3)  the  Office  of  Extension  Work  in  the  South,  including  the  farmers'  cooperative 
demonstration  work  and  the  Smith-Lever  agricultural  extension  work  in  15  Southern 
States;  (4)  the  Office  of  Extension  Work  in  the  North  and  West,  including  the  farmers* 
cooperative  demonstration  work  and  the  Smith-Lever  agricultural  exteasiun  work 
in  33  Northern  and  Western  States;  and  (5)  the  Office  of  Home  Economics,  including 
investigations  relative  to  foods,  clothing,  and  hou.sehold  equipment  and  management. 

The  work  of  the  service  relating  to  agricultural  instruction  and  to  farmers'  insti- 
tutes and  similar  organizations  shall  be  under  the  immediate  direction  of  the  director, 
and  the  work  relating  to  farmers'  institutes  and  similar  organizations  shall  be  carried  on 
in  close  cooperation  with  the  offices  of  extension  work. 

The  States  Relations  Service  will  take  under  consideration  matters  relating  to  all 
the  extension  work  carried  on  by  the  several  bureaus  and  offices  of  the  department 
and  those  connected  with  the  administration  of  the  Smith-Lever  Extension  Act, 
All  plans  for  demonstration  and  extension  work  originating  in  any  bureau  or  in  any 
State  should  first  be  submitted  to  the  States  Relations  Service,  which  will  make 
recommendations  regarding  them  to  the  Secretary.  Approved  plans  for  demonstration 
and  extension  work  by  any  bureau  should  not  be  put  into  operation  in  any  State  until 
they  have  been  brought  to  the  attention  of  the  Director  of  the  Stat<^  llolations  Service 
and  an  opportunity  has  been  given  for  arranging  with  tlm  extension  directors  of  tho 
agricultural  colleges  regarding  the  (*xe<ution  of  these  plans  in  tho  States  concerned. 

This  order  became  effective  July  1,  1915. 

WORK. 

(Provisions  in  acts  making  appropriations  for  the  Department  of  Agriculture] 
ADMINISTRATION    OF  THE   HATCH,    ADAMS,    AND   SMrTH-LKVER   ACTS. 

To  enable  tho  Secretary  of  Agriculture  to  enforce  the  provisions  of  the  above  acts 
[Hatch  and  Adams]  and  the  act  approved  May  eighth,  niiutocn  hundnni  and  four- 
teen entitled  "An  act  to  jm)vide  for  cooperative  agricultural  «'xtension  work  between 
tho  agricultural  colleges  in  the  several  States  nn-civiiig  the  iKMiefits  of  an  act  of  Con- 
gress approved  July  second,  eighteen  huiidrt'd  and  sixty-two,  and  of  acts  supplementary 


43 

thereto,  and  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculfiire/'  relative  to  their  adminis- 
tration, including  the  employment  of  clerks,  assistants,  and  other  persons  in  the  city 
of  Washington  and  elsewhere,  freight  and  express  charges,  official  traveling  expenses, 
office  fixtm-es,  supplies,  apparatus,  telegraph  and  telephone  service,  gas,  electric 
current,  and  rent  outside  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  $58,500;  and  the  Secretary  of 
Agriculture  shall  prescribe  the  form  of  the  annual  financial  statement  required  under 
the  above  acts,  ascertain  whether  the  expenditures  are  in  accordance  with  their  pro- 
visions, coordinate  the  work  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  with  that  of  the  State 
agricultural  colleges  and  experiment  stations  in  the  lines  authorized  in  said  acts,  and 
make  report  thereon  to  Congress. 

STATIONS  IN  ALASKA,   HAWAII,   PORTO  RICO,   AND  GUAM. 

To  enable  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  to  establish  and  maintain  agricultural 
experiment  stations  in  Alaska,  Hawaii,  Porto  Rico,  and  the  island  of  Guam,  including 
the  erection  of  buildings,  the  preparation,  illustration,  and  distribution  of  reports  and 
bulletins,  and  all  other  necessary  expenses,  $143,000,  as  follows:  Alaska,  $48,000; 
Hawaii,  $40,000;  Porto  Rico,  $40,000;  and  Guam,  $15,000;  and  the  Secretary  of 
Agriculture  is  authorized  to  sell  such  products  as  are  obtained  on  the  land  belonging 
to  the  agricultural  experiment  stations  in  Alaska,  Hawaii,  Porto  Rico,  and  the  island 
of  Guam:  Provided,  That  of  the  sum  herein  appropriated  for  the  experiment  station  in 
Hawaii  $5,000  may  be  used  in  agricultural  extension  work  in  Hawaii. 

INVESTIGATIONS  IN   HOME   ECONOMICS. 

To  enable  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  to  investigate  the  relative  utility  and 
economy  of  agricultm-al  products  for  food,  clothing,  and  other  uses  in  the  home,  with 
special  suggestions  of  plans  and  methods  for  the  more  effective  utilization  of  such 
products  for  these  purposes,  with  the  cooperation  of  other  bureaus  of  the  department, 
and  to  disseminate  useful  information  on  this  subject,  including  the  employment  of 
labor  in  the  city  of  Washington  and  elsewhere,  supplies,  and  all  other  necessary 
expenses,  $24,220. 

farmers'   cooperative   DEMONSTRATION   WORK. 

For  farmers'  cooperative  demonstration  work  outside  of  the  cotton  belt,  including 
the  employment  of  labor  in  the  city  of  Washington  and  elsewhere,  supplies,  and  all 
other  necessary  expenses,  $478,240; 

For  farmers'  cooperative  demonstrations  and  for  the  study  and  demonstration  of 
the  best  methods  of  meeting  the  ravages  of  the  cotton-boll  weevil,  including  the 
employment  of  labor  in  the  city  of  Washington  and  elsewhere,  supplies,  and  all  other 
necessary  expenses,  $661,300:  Provided,  That  the  expense  of  such  service  shall  be 
defrayed  from  this  appropriation  and  such  cooperative  funds  as  may  be  voluntarily 
contributed  by  State,  county,  and  municipal  agencies,  associations  of  farmers,  and 
individual  farmers,  universities,  colleges,  boards  of  trade,  chambers  of  commerce, 
other  local  associations  of  business  men,  business  organizations,  and  individuals 
within  the  State. 

farmers'    INSTITUTES   AND  AGRICULTURAL  INSTRUCTION. 

To  enable  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  to  investigate  and  report  upon  the  organi- 
zation and  progress  of  farm^s'  institutes  and  agricultural  schools  in  the  several  States 
and  Territories,  and  upon  similar  organizations  in  foreign  countries,  with  special 
suggestions  of  plans  and  methods  for  making  such  organizations  more  effective  for  the 
dissemination  of  the  results  of  the  work  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  and  the 
agricultural  experiment  stations,  and  of  improved  methods  of  agricultural  practice, 
including  the  emplo5Tnent  of  labor  in  the  city  of  Washington  and  elsewhere,  and  all 
other  necessary  expenses,  $20,600  (38  Stat.  L.,  1086,  1109). 


44 

CARD   IJJDF.X    OF   8TATIOK   LITERATURE. 

And  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  hereafter  may  furnish  to  such  im^titutions  or 
individuals  a."  may  care  to  buy  them  copies  of  the  card  index  of  agricultural  literature 
prepared  by  the  Department  of  Agriculture  in  connection  with  its  administration  of 
the  acts  of  March  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  eighty-seven  (Twenty-fourth  Statutes 
at  Large,  page  four  hundred  and  forty),  and  the  act  of  March  sixteimth,  nineteen 
hundred  and  six  (Thirty-fourth  Statutes  at  Large,  page  sixty-three),  and  the  acta 
amendatory  of  and  supplementary  thereto,  and  charge  for  the  same  a  price  covering  the 
additional  expenses  involved  in  the  preparation  of  these  copies,  the  money  received 
from  such  sales  to  be  deposited  in  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States  as  nii.-rellaneoua 
receipts  (38  Stat.  L.,  1086,  1109). 

ANNUAL    REPORT    ON    WORK    AND    EXPENDITURES    UNDER    THE    HATCH,    ADAMS,    AND 

SMITH-LEVER   ACTS. 

That  hereafter  there  be  prepared  by  the  Department  of  Agriculture  an  annual 
report  on  the  work  and  expenditures  of  the  agricultural  exjjeriinent  station.-^  estab- 
lished under  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  eighty-seven 
(Twenty-fourth  Statutes  at  Large,  page  four  hundred  and  forty),  on  the  work  and 
expenditures  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  in  connection  therewith,  and  on  the 
cooperative  agricultural  extension  work  and  expenditures  of  the  Department  of 
Agriculture  and  of  agricultural  colleges  under  the  act  of  !May  eighth,  nineteen  hundred 
and  fourteen,  entitled  "An  act  to  provide  for  cooperative  agricultural  exti-nsion  work 
between  the  agricultural  colleges  in  the  several  States  rweiving  the  benefit.-*  of  an 
act  of  Congress  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two,  and  of  acta 
supplementary  thereto,  and  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture";  and 
that  there  be  printed  annually  eight  thousand  copies  of  said  report,  of  which  one 
thousand  copies  shall  be  for  the  use  of  the  Senate,  two  thousand  copies  for  the  use 
of  the  Ilouse  of  Representatives,  and  five  thou.sand  copies  for  the  use  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  Agriculture  (38  Stat.  L.,  1086,  1110). 


WAKUINOTON  :  OOVKRNMKNT  I'KINTINi;  oFFIl'IC  :    1010 


lis 


GaylordBtos. 

Makers 
5yracvise 


14  DAY  USE 

RETURN  TO  DESK  FROM  WHICH  BORROWED 

LOAN  DEPT. 


LD2lA-50m-2,'71 
(P200l8l0)476 — A-32 


General  Library     . 
University  of  California 
Berkeley 


